ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2024
Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies.
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Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Italian Delphi Consensus on Maternity Care in Multiple Sclerosis: Toward an Interdisciplinary Model of Care.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Severe Bilateral Optic Neuritis and a Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesion in Pregnancy.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Multiple Sclerosis in Women: Impact of Different Life Stages on Treatment Decisions.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Disease Course, Outcomes, and Complications in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Rituximab or Ocrelizumab: A Narrative Review.Journal of research in pharmacy practice · 2026Review
- Pregnancy-Related Disease Outcomes in Women With Moderate to Severe Multiple Sclerosis Disability.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Four years on: Pregnancy and birth outcomes reported in the MSBase pregnancy, neonatal outcomes, and Women's Health Registry (2020-2024).Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Real-world datasets for the International Registry for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias (InRAD) and other registries: An international consensus.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
51 authors.
Wei Z YehFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-5335-6612
Anneke Van Der WaltFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-4278-7003
Olga G SkibinaFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0009-0000-1542-5659
Tomas KalincikFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3778-1376
Raed AlroughaniFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5436-5804
Allan G KermodeFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-4476-4016
Marzena J Fabis-PedriniFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
William M CarrollFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-5088-548X
Jeannette Lechner-ScottFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-3850-447X
Cavit BozFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-0956-3304
Serkan OzakbasFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2140-4103
Katherine BuzzardFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-4039-9303
Mario HabekFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-3360-1748
Nevin A JohnFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Alexandre PratFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Marc GirardFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Pierre DuquetteFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-7231-1754
Seyed Mohammad BaghbanianFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-8138-7504
Suzanne HodgkinsonFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Vincent Van PeschFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Guy LaureysFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1708-4373
Barbara WillekensFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-5212-8837
Julie PrevostFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Matteo FoschiFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-0321-7155
Koen De GansFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Dana HorakovaFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1915-0036
Eva Kubala HavrdovaFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-9543-4359
Rana KarabudakFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-4272-1482
Francesco PattiFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-6923-0846
Pamela A MccombeFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2704-8517
Davide MaimoneFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Ayse AltintasFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-8524-5087
Radek AmpapaFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Daniele SpitaleriFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Oliver H H GerlachFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Maria Jose SaFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Stella HughesFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Riadh GouiderFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-9615-3797
Saloua MrabetFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2718-1828
Richard A MacdonellFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Recai TurkogluFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-9724-851X
Elisabetta CartechiniFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Abdullah Al-AsmiFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-2851-8157
Aysun SoysalFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Jiwon OhFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5519-6088
Erwan Muros-Le RouzicFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Sabrina GuyeFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Noemi PasquarelliFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Helmut ButzkuevenFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3940-8727
Vilija G JokubaitisFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-3942-4340
MSBase Study GroupFrom the Department of Neuroscience (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., H.B., V.G.J.), School of Translational Medicine, Monash University; Department of Neurology (W.Z.Y., A.V.D.W., O.G.S., H.B., V.G.J.), Alfred Health, Melbourne; Department of Neurology (O.G.S., K.B.), Box Hill Hospital; Department of Neurosciences (O.G.S., K.B.), Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill; Neuroimmunology Centre (T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CORe (T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia; Amiri Hospital (R.A.), Sharq, Kuwait; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P., W.M.C.), University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (A.G.K., M.J.F.-P.), Murdoch University, Perth; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (A.G.K., W.M.C.), QEIIMC, Nedlands; University of Newcastle (J.L.-S.), Newcastle; Hunter New England Health (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales, Australia; Karadeniz Technical University (C.B.), Medical Faculty, Trabzon; Izmir University of Economics (S.O.), Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; University Hospital Center Zagreb (M.H.); University of Zagreb (M.H.), School of Medicine, Croatia; Monash Health (N.A.J.); Department of Medicine (N.A.J.), School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; CHUM and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G., P.D.), Canada; Neurology Department (S.M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; University of New South Wales (Suzanne Hodgkinson), Sydney, Australia; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels; Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.); Universitary Hospital Ghent (G.L.); Department of Neurology (B.W.), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem; Translational Neurosciences Research Group (B.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (M.F.), Neurology Unit-MS Center, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (M.F.), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.D.G.), Gouda, Netherlands; Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital (D.H., E.K.H.), Prague, Czech Republic; Yeditepe University Kosuyolu Hospital (R.K.), Neurological Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania; UOS Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), AOU Policlinico "G Rodloico-San Marco", University of Catania, Italy; University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (D.M.), UOC Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera per l'Emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy; Koc University (A.A.), Istanbul, Turkey; Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic; Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.S.), Avellino, Italy; Zuyderland Medical Center (O.H.H.G.), Sittard-Geleen; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (O.H.H.G.), Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao (M.J.S.); Faculty of Health Sciences (M.J.S.), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Royal Victoria Hospital (Stella Hughes), Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (R.G., S.M.), Research laboratory LR18SP03, Clinical investigation Center Neurosciences and Mental Health, Razi Hospital; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (R.G., S.M.), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia; Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey; Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche - AV3 (E.C.), Macerata, Italy; Sultan Qaboos University (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman; Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey; St. Michael's Hospital (J.O.), Toronto, Canada; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (E.M.-L.R., S.G., N.P.), Basel, Switzerland.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesWomen with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at risk of disease reactivation in the early postpartum period. Ocrelizumab (OCR) is an anti-CD20 therapy highly effective at reducing MS disease activity. Data remain limited regarding use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), including OCR, and disease activity during peripregnancy periods.
methodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the MSBase Registry including pregnancies conceived after December 31, 2010, from women aged 18 years and older, with relapsing-remitting MS or clinically isolated syndrome. Women were classified by preconception exposure to DMTs, including OCR, rituximab (RTX), natalizumab (NAT), stratified into active (NAT-A; continued ≥28 weeks of gestation, restarted ≤1 month postpartum) or conservative (NAT-C; continued ≤4 weeks of gestation, restarted >1 month postpartum) strategies, dimethyl fumarate (DMF) or low-efficacy DMTs (interferon-beta, glatiramer acetate). Annualized relapse rates (ARRs) were calculated for 12-month prepregnancy, pregnancy, and 6-month postpartum periods.
resultsA total of 2,009 live births from 1,744 women were analyzed, including 73 live births from 69 women treated with preconception OCR. For OCR, no within-pregnancy relapse was observed and 3 women (4.1%) experienced 1 relapse in the postpartum period (ARR 0.09 [95% CI 0.02-0.27]). For NAT-A, 3 (3.7%) of 82 women relapsed during pregnancy (0.05 [0.01-0.15]) and 4 (4.9%) relapsed during postpartum (0.10 [0.03-0.26]). However, for NAT-C, 13 (15.9%) of 82 women relapsed within pregnancy (0.32 [0.20-0.51]) and 25 (30.5%) relapsed during postpartum (0.74 [0.50-1.06]). In the low-efficacy DMT group, 101 (7.6%) of 1,329 women experienced within-pregnancy relapse (0.12 [0.10-0.14]), followed by an increase in postpartum relapse activity with 234 women (17.6%) relapsing (0.43 [0.38-0.48]). This was similarly seen in the DMF group with 13 (7.9%) of 164 women experiencing within-pregnancy relapse (0.12 [0.06-0.20]) and 25 (15.2%) of 164 relapsing postpartum (0.39 [0.26-0.57]). Our RTX cohort had 0 of 24 women experiencing within-pregnancy relapse and 3 (12.5%) of 24 experiencing postpartum relapse. DISCUSSION: Women treated with OCR or NAT-A were observed to have low relapse rates during pregnancy and postpartum. NAT-C was associated with increased risk of relapses. There was no within-pregnancy relapse in our RTX cohort, although we caution overinterpretation due to our sample size. An effective DMT strategy with a favorable safety profile for the mother and infant should be discussed and implemented well in advance of planning a family. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that for women with relapsing-remitting MS or clinically isolated syndrome who become pregnant, ocrelizumab, rituximab, and natalizumab (continued ≥28 weeks of gestation and restarted ≤1 month postpartum) were associated with reduced risk of relapses, compared with other therapeutic strategies.
Indexed as
Antibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedImmunologic FactorsPostpartum PeriodPregnancy ComplicationsAdultFemaleHumansMultiple SclerosisMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-RemittingPregnancyRegistriesRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedImmunologic Factorsocrelizumab
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