ArticleInfection2025
Association between adjunctive rifampin and gentamicin use and outcomes for patients with staphylococcal prosthetic valve endocarditis: a propensity-score adjusted retrospective cohort study.
Article in Infection, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Combination antibiotic therapy in Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis: evidence, controversies, and future directions.Infection · 2026Review
- Management of Infective Endocarditis: A Scoping Review.Journal of Brown hospital medicine · 2026Review
- Comparative effectiveness of adjunctive rifampicin versus gentamicin for prosthetic valve endocarditis due toJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAlthough guidelines recommend adjunctive rifampin and gentamicin use for patients with staphylococcal prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE), evidence behind the recommendation is limited and conflicting.
methodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients with staphylococcal PVE within the Veterans Health Administration during 2003-2021. Patients were identified with diagnostic codes for prosthetic valves and positive blood cultures for Staphylococcus species and confirmed via manual chart reviews. The primary outcome was the composite of all-cause mortality or recurrence of staphylococcal PVE within one year from diagnosis. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to estimate the probability of individuals receiving rifampin using propensity scores. IPTW-adjusted multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to compare outcomes between patients who received rifampin and gentamicin, and those did not.
resultsAmong 373 patients with staphylococcal PVE, 275 (73.7%) and 225 (60.3%) received at least one dose of rifampin and gentamicin, respectively. The incidence of staphylococcal PVE increased from 0.47 (2003-11) to 0.77 (2012-21) per 10,000 hospitalizations. Gentamicin use declined over time (70.1% in 2003-2011 to 54.8% in 2012-2021, p = 0.04) while rifampin use did not change significantly (76.1% in 2003-2011 to 72.4% in 2012-2021, p = 0.43). The composite outcome was observed in 209 (56.0%). Neither rifampin use (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.48-1.24) and gentamicin use (adjusted HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.71-1.74) was associated with the composite outcome.
conclusionNo significant association was observed between adjunctive rifampin or gentamicin use and improved outcomes.
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39441462What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
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