ArticleIntervirology2024
An Outbreak of Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis Caused by Coxsackievirus A24 in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India 2023.
Article in Intervirology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Conjunctivitis outbreak associated with Enterovirus Type C in Luzira Prisons, Uganda, February-April 2024.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Evolutionary dynamics of coxsackievirus A24 variant associated with acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Brazil.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- 2024 re-emergence of coxsackievirus A24 variant causing an outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in the South West Indian Ocean.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- A rare and first report of Ochrobactrum intermedium co-infection in coxsackievirus-A24-infected acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis patients.Folia microbiologica · 2025Article
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14 authors.
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Abstract
introductionAcute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) outbreaks are caused mostly by viruses. During July-August 2023, there was a sudden spike in acute hemorrhage conjunctivitis cases in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. To identify the etiological and gain molecular epidemiology of the agent, the study was conducted. METHODOLOGY: Conjunctival swabs were collected from patients (n = 128) with presumed acute hemorrhage conjunctivitis visiting two tertiary care hospitals.
resultsEnteroviruses infection was identified in 96 (75%) patients. In these patients, coxsackievirus A24 (CV-A24) infection was further confirmed by targeting the genetic regions of 3C protease and VP1. Furthermore, the study established the outbreak was caused by the genotype IV of CV-A24 with the highest genetic similarity with CV-A24 reported from Northeast India, China, and Pakistan circulating during the same period. The comparison of our study sequences with earlier Indian outbreak strains (2007) revealed four amino acid substitutions at the 3C region ("S21N," "V30I," "S66I," and "V75I") and three non-synonymous mutations at the VP1 region ("L16I," "P21S," and "N301D").
conclusionThe study findings revealed that the AHC outbreak was caused by genotype IV of CV-A24 in this region. Molecular identification accompanied by phylogenetic analysis will be useful in studying the enterovirus epidemiology associated with AHC outbreaks.
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