Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39436981›Full record

ArticleJournal of health and social behavior2025

High School Curricular Rigor and Cognitive Function among White Older Adults.

Sara M Moorman, Jooyoung Kong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of health and social behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. How Childhood State Education Quality Shapes the Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Mid-to-Later Life.Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sara M MoormanBoston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7555-1769
Jooyoung KongUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5876-3551

Funding

Wisconsin longitudinal study: Initial lifetime's impact on Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (WLS-ILIAD)R01AG060737 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Sanjay Asthana, Michal Engelman · 2018 to 2026
$56.8M
Network on Education, Biosocial Pathways, and Dementia across Diverse PopulationsR24AG077433 · NIA · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI Sanjay Asthana, Pamela Herd · 2022 to 2026
$3.0M
The Life Course Approach to Caregiving for Aging Parents: Role of Adverse Childhood ExperiencesK01AG076875 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Jooyoung Kong · 2023 to 2026
$526k
NIA NIH HHS K01 AG076875NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060737NIA NIH HHS R24 AG077433
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most research on the strong relationship between education and cognitive aging has focused on years of schooling. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study-a sample of White persons born in 1939-we explored whether greater curricular rigor in high school was also associated with better cognitive function in later life. We estimated multilevel structural equation models in data from 2,749 participants who attended 308 Wisconsin high schools, graduating in 1957. Independent of academic ability and performance and school-level financial and material resources, a more rigorous high school curriculum was associated with significantly better global cognitive functioning in 2020, when most participants were 81 years old. There was also a significant mediation via eventual degree attainment. The mediation was moderated such that men and participants from high socioeconomic status families benefited most from a rigorous curriculum. We discuss implications for modern educational policy.

Indexed as

CognitionCurriculumSchoolsWhiteAgedAged, 80 and overEducational StatusFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleWisconsinaging and the life courseeducational attainmentgendersecondary schoolingsocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID39436981
PMCPMC12012156

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.