ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024
CXCL13 promotes broad immune responses induced by circular RNA vaccines.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) vaccines: Progress, evidence gaps, and translational pathways for durable and scalable immunization.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Target site selection and P1 engineering enable highly efficient circular RNA production via end-to-end self-targeting and splicing.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Review
- Lipid nanoparticle delivery of circle RNA vaccine induces potent immune responses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Circular RNA as a New Vaccine Platform: Considerations, Challenges, and Perspectives.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Prospective Biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Seroconversion in Patients with Haematological Malignancies.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- From Bench to Bedside: Reframing theJournal of clinical & cellular immunology · 2026Article
- Research advancements on the role of CircRNAs in cartilage injury within osteoarthritis.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Circular RNA: From non-coding regulators to functional protein encoders.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2025Review
- Precision Targeting of Myeloid Cells via Peptide Dendrimer-Lipid Nanocarriers: A Novel Platform for Potent Cancer Immunotherapies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Broad-spectrum vaccines against various and evolving viruses: from antigen design to nanoparticle delivery.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Roles and Applications of Circular RNA in Virus Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Across Organs: Context, Composition, and Clinical Levers.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- CircRNAs: functions and emerging roles in cancer and immunotherapy.BMC medicine · 2025Review
- Genetic adjuvants: A paradigm shift in vaccine development and immune modulation.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Next-Generation Vaccine Platforms: Integrating Synthetic Biology, Nanotechnology, and Systems Immunology for Improved Immunogenicity.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Recent advances and perspectives on the development of circular RNA cancer vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- Linking vaccine adjuvant mechanisms of action to function.Science immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antibody responses induced by current vaccines for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 often lack robust cross-reactivity. As hubs where diverse immune cells converge and interact, the alterations in the immune microenvironment within lymph nodes (LNs) are intricately linked to immune responses. Herein, we designed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) loaded with circular RNA (circRNA) and targeted to LNs, in which CXCL13 was directly integrated into antigen-encoding circRNA strands. We demonstrated that CXCL13 alters the transcriptomic profiles of LNs, especially the upregulation of IL-21 and IL-4. Meanwhile, CXCL13 promotes the formation of germinal center and elicits robust antigen-specific T cell responses. With the codelivery of CXCL13 and the antigen, CXCL13 enhances cross-reactive antibodies against influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, achieving protection against both homologous and heterologous influenza virus challenges in a mouse model. Notably, the targeted modification of LNP surfaces with antibodies helps address some of the challenges associated with lyophilized LNP vaccines, which is crucial for the long-term storage of LNP-circRNA vaccines. Overall, the circRNA-based antigen-CXCL13 coexpression system developed herein provides a simple and robust platform that enhances the magnitude and breadth of antibody responses against multiple viral glycoproteins, highlighting the potential utility of CXCL13 in inducing broad immune responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.