Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39436516›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

Prevalence and Predictors of Stress Among Caregivers of Children with Developmental Disorders.

Saman Waqar, Hayaa Ali, Eeman Ali

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Saman WaqarAl-Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Jhelum Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. saman.naqvi@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-9835
Hayaa AliBachelors in Psychology, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
Eeman AliFoundation University Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medical care advances pose challenges with rising caregiving costs and fewer informal caregivers, shifting healthcare responsibilities to families. Healthcare systems adapt to technological changes, stressing person-centered care but lack support for caregivers. Addressing parental stress is crucial, given its impact on both parent and child well-being, highlighting the necessity for customized support. The study aimed to evaluate caregivers' perceived stress and its connection with socio-demographic factors and children's characteristics. Conducted at a Rehabiltation Institute's Psychology Outpatient Department, 200 mothers were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling. Ethical clearance was obtained, and demographic data were collected. The mean perceived stress score (PSS-10) was 31.94, indicating a positive correlation between stress and socio-demographic and disability-related variables. Significant differences in stress levels were observed between joint and nuclear family caregivers, p < .01, and those with daughters versus sons with disabilities < 0.001. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between perceived stress and caregiver p = < 0.001 and child age p = < 0.001, number of children p = < 0.001, and time since diagnosis p = < 0.001, with negative correlations with caregiver education p = < .001and income p = < 0.001. Multiple linear regression indicated that caregiver and child age, time since diagnosis, and the number of children positively predicted while income and education of the caregiver negatively predicted perceived stress. No significant association was found between other variables like family volunteers' education, disability type, and caregiver stress. Caregivers exhibited high perceived stress levels, highlighting the reciprocal relationship between child characteristics and parental stress, emphasizing the need for comprehensive family interventions.

Indexed as

CaregiversDevelopmental DisabilitiesStress, PsychologicalAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMothersPrevalenceSocioeconomic FactorsCaregiversDevelopmental disordersPredictors of stressStress

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.