ArticleJournal of clinical periodontology2025
Validation of a New Questionnaire for Assessing the Psychosocial Impact of Gingival Aesthetics (PIGAQ).
Article in Journal of clinical periodontology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessing the Relationship Between the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics, Self-Esteem, and Dental Habits.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Association Between Dental Aesthetics and Psychosocial Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Health Sciences Students in Yemen.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2026Article
- The implant treatment experience and knowledge scale: reliability and validity of a patient-reported outcome measure for dental implant therapy.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Analysis of Aesthetic Preferences Regarding Gingival-Dental Color Combinations.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- The Psychosocial Impact on Gingival Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIGAQ): The Effect of Sociodemographic Variables on Results in a Spanish Adult Population. An Observational and Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2025Observational
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
aimWhile the importance of gingival aesthetics is increasingly recognized, a questionnaire quantifying its psychosocial impact is still lacking. We have adapted the validated Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) for the gingival context. This study's aim was to develop a new Psychosocial Impact of Gingival Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIGAQ) and test its validity for the general population in Spain, exploring the underlying dimensions of the construct assessed. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe PIDAQ was adapted to address gingival aesthetics. PIGAQ (23 items) was completed by 200 patients aged from 18 to 85 years, and socio-demographic variables were recorded. The four-dimensional structure of the PIDAQ was respected, adapting the subscales to focus on the gingiva. Descriptive analysis, assessments of reliability and validity and an exploratory factor analysis were performed.
resultsThe revised PIGAQ (now containing 20 items) has a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.88 with four underlying factors explaining 61.5% of the total variance. Three items (SI-1, PI-2 and PI-5) were eliminated because of unacceptable fit indices. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the subscales are as follows: Gingival Self-Confidence, 0.85; Social Impact, 0.84; Psychological Impact, 0.79; and Aesthetic Concern, 0.76.
conclusionPIGAQ is a reliable and potentially valid instrument for assessing psychosocial perceptions of gingival aesthetics. The scale was shown to have a satisfactory factor structure and level of internal consistency.
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