ArticleSystematic reviews2024
Risk of cancer development associated with disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised studies.
Article in Systematic reviews, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe association between cancer and multiple sclerosis has long been investigated. Several studies and reviews have examined the risk of cancer among patients with multiple sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) but with conflicting results. This study will aim to investigate the association between DMTs for multiple sclerosis and subsequent cancer risk using research synthesis methods. METHODS/
designWe designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. We will include randomised and non-randomised trials, prospective or retrospective cohort studies, and case-control studies of treatment with DMTs compared with placebo, no treatment, or another active agent. The primary outcome will be the risk of cancer (all-malignant neoplasms) in association with the exposure of DMTs. Secondary outcomes will include site-specific cancers (e.g. breast cancer). Literature searches will be conducted in multiple electronic databases (from their inception onwards), including the following: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Two researchers will screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data independently. The risk of bias (quality) of individual studies will be appraised using an appropriate tool. If feasible, we will use a two-stage approach to evidence synthesis: (1) Peto's method for meta-analysis of data from randomised trials alone; and (2) Random-effects model for meta-analysis adding data from non-randomised studies. We will calculate odds ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals. Potential sources of heterogeneity will be explored in additional analyses (e.g. subgroups considering different DMTs individually, mechanism of action, type of control, length of follow-up, mode of treatment). DISCUSSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised studies will provide an updated synthesis of the risk of cancer associated with DMTs for adult patients with multiple sclerosis. This study will also examine some factors that may explain potential variations across studies. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/v4sez ).
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