ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2025
Establishment and analysis of an animal model for nutcracker syndrome.
Article in International urology and nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Reply.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2026Article
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study investigated the effects of renal vein congestion of varying durations on kidney damage by establishing an animal model of Nutcracker Syndrome (NCS). In addition, we assessed whether renal damage improved after relieving the congestion.
methodWe established a rat model of NCS and relieved renal congestion through secondary surgery, with renal vein reperfusion confirmed by animal ultrasound. Histopathological changes in congested kidneys were evaluated at 3, 6, and 9 days using HE and Masson staining, and the expression of renal injury factors was determined using q-PCR.
resultsRenal tissue pathology changes were evident with prolonged obstruction time. Compared to the sham-operated group, no apparent fibrosis was observed in the kidneys at 3 days post-congestion, whereas fibrosis was most severe at 9 days post-congestion, with no significant improvement observed even after blood flow restoration. Six days post-congestion relief, some alleviation of renal fibrosis occurred. q-PCR results indicated a significant reduction in the expression of fibrosis markers after 3 or 6 days of renal vein ligation release. Following blood flow restoration on the 9th day post-congestion, no significant changes in fibrosis markers were noted.
conclusionProlonged renal vein congestion in a rat model of NCS resulted in severe kidney damage and significant fibrosis after 9 days. While relieving congestion within 6 days led to some improvement, no reduction in fibrosis occurred after 9 days, underscoring the importance of congestion duration in renal pathology.
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