Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39421779›Full record

ArticleBiomedical optics express2024

ninjaNIRS: an open hardware solution for wearable whole-head high-density functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

W Joseph O'Brien, Laura Carlton, Johnathan Muhvich, Sreekanth Kura, Antonio Ortega-Martinez, Jay Dubb, Sudan Duwadi, Eric Hazen, Meryem A Yücel, Alexander von Lühmann and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedical optics express, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Advances in Wearable Bioimaging.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

W Joseph O'BrienNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0920-3869
Laura CarltonNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Johnathan MuhvichNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Sreekanth KuraNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Antonio Ortega-MartinezNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Jay DubbNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Sudan DuwadiNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Eric HazenNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Meryem A YücelNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-2847
Alexander von LühmannBIFOLD - Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data, Ernst-Reuter Platz 7, 10587 Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4995-293X
David A BoasNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Bernhard B ZimmermannNeurophotonics Center, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4217-9920

Funding

The Neuroscience of Everyday World- A novel wearable system for continuous measurement of brain functionU01EB029856 · NIBIB · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI BOAS, DAVID A, KIRAN, SWATHI · 2020 to 2024
$6.5M
Establishing an fNIRS Ecosystem for Open Software-Hardware DisseminationR24NS104096 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI BOAS, DAVID A · 2018 to 2021
$1.1M
Expanding Inclusion of All Subjects for Ultra-High Density Wearable fNIRS in the Everyday WorldUG3EB036035 · NIBIB · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI BOAS, DAVID A · 2024 to 2025
$795k
NIBIB NIH HHS U01 EB029856NIBIB NIH HHS UG3 EB036035NINDS NIH HHS R24 NS104096
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology has been steadily advancing since the first measurements of human brain activity over 30 years ago. Initially, efforts were focused on increasing the channel count of fNIRS systems and then to moving from sparse to high density arrays of sources and detectors, enhancing spatial resolution through overlapping measurements. Over the last ten years, there have been rapid developments in wearable fNIRS systems that place the light sources and detectors on the head as opposed to the original approach of using fiber optics to deliver the light between the hardware and the head. The miniaturization of the electronics and increased computational power continues to permit impressive advances in wearable fNIRS systems. Here we detail our design for a wearable fNIRS system that covers the whole head of an adult human with a high-density array of 56 sources and up to 192 detectors. We provide characterization of the system showing that its performance is among the best in published systems. Additionally, we provide demonstrative images of brain activation during a ball squeezing task. We have released the hardware design to the public, with the hope that the community will build upon our foundational work and drive further advancements.

Identifiers

PMID39421779
PMCPMC11482177

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.