Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39421741›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024

Case report: Rapid symptom relief in autoimmune encephalitis with efgartigimod: a three-patient case series.

Qianqian Zhang, Wenping Yang, Yun Qian, Yu Zhang, Huihui Zhao, Mingzhu Shu, Qingyang Li, Yanan Li, Yu Ding, Shiyu Shi and 3 more

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Qianqian ZhangDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Wenping YangDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yun QianDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yu ZhangDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Huihui ZhaoDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Mingzhu ShuDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Qingyang LiDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yanan LiDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yu DingDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Shiyu ShiDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yaxi LiuDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Xi ChengDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Qi NiuDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) comprises a group of inflammatory brain disorders mediated by autoimmune responses. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis, and anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor (GABABR) encephalitis are the most prevalent forms, characterized by the presence of antibodies against neuronal cell-surface antigens. Efgartigimod, an antagonist of the neonatal Fc receptor, has proven efficacy in myasthenia gravis treatment. This clinical case report describes the clinical progression and functional outcomes of AE in three patients who received efgartigimod treatment. Case presentations: Case 1 was a 60-year-old man exhibiting memory impairment and psychiatric disturbances over 11 days. Case 2 was a 38-year-old man with a 1-month history of rapid cognitive decline and seizures. Case 3 was a 68-year-old woman with mental behavioral changes and seizures for 4 months. Anti-GABABR, anti-LGI1, and anti-NMDAR antibodies were confirmed in the respective patients' cerebrospinal fluid or serum. All three patients experienced marked and swift symptomatic relief after four cycles of efgartigimod treatment, with no complication. Conclusion: Current first-line and second-line treatments for AE have limitations, and efgartigimod has demonstrated potential in the rapid and efficacious treatment of AE, emerging as a promising option for the management of this disease.

Indexed as

EncephalitisAdultAgedAutoantibodiesFemaleHashimoto DiseaseHumansMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeAutoantibodiesautoimmune encephalitisefgartigimodGABABRLgi1neonatal Fc receptorNMDAR

Identifiers

PMID39421741
PMCPMC11484013

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.