Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39419859›Full record

ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal cancer2024

Elevated Urinary Levels of Fungal and Environmental Toxins in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Vanessa I Rodriguez, Jamila Mammadova, Jennifer B Permuth, Anjuli Luthra, Luis Pena, Mark Friedman, Aamir Dam, Saraswathi Cappelle, Mokenge P Malafa, Candice Hallmon and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gastrointestinal cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Systematic evaluation of the evidence base on methylCurrent research in toxicology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Vanessa I RodriguezDepartment of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. vanessa.rodriguez.1@vumc.org.
Jamila MammadovaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Jennifer B PermuthDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Anjuli LuthraDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Luis PenaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Mark FriedmanDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Aamir DamDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Saraswathi CappelleDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Mokenge P MalafaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Candice HallmonDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Cassandra MirandaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Shaffer R S MokDepartment of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRisk factors for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) include tobacco/alcohol abuse, genetic predisposition, insulin resistance, and pancreatic cysts. Despite these well-established risk factors and the screening of high-risk individuals, some people still develop PDAC. This study aims to explore a potential risk factor for PDAC by investigating the association between fungal toxins (FT) and environmental toxins (ET) and the disease. We predicted that individuals with PDAC would have higher levels of these toxins compared to healthy controls. The rationale behind this hypothesis is that exposure to FT and ET might contribute to the development of PDAC by elevating cancer risk.

methodsA pilot retrospective cohort study was conducted at Moffitt Cancer Center from 2022 to 2023. This study compared FT and ET levels, demographic data, and PDAC features between subjects with PDAC and healthy controls.

resultsForty subjects were enrolled in the study, comprising 20 with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and 20 healthy controls. Baseline demographics were similar between the two groups. Among the PDAC subjects, the most common tumor location was the head of the pancreas (55%); 30% had locally advanced disease, 45% were borderline resectable, and 10% had metastatic disease. Compared to the controls, subjects with PDAC had significantly higher levels of fungal toxins (FTs) including ochratoxin, gliotoxin, and citrinin (p < 0.05). Additionally, PDAC patients had significantly elevated levels of environmental toxins (ETs) such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), xylene, styrene, acrylonitrile, perchlorate, diphenyl phosphate, bromopropane, organophosphates, acrolein, tiglylglycine, and diethylphosphate (p < 0.05).

conclusionOur study demonstrates that subjects with PDAC, without other risk factors, have higher FT and ET levels than controls. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether ET and FT exposure can be clinically utilized as a risk factor for PDAC development.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalMycotoxinsPancreatic NeoplasmsAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsMycotoxinsCancerCancer screeningEnvironmental toxinsFungal toxinsPancreasPancreatic cancerPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Identifiers

PMID39419859
PMCPMC11486816

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.