Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39418197›Full record

ArticleJournal of personality2025

Everyday State Attachment: Dynamic Features and Role of Trait Attachment.

Jaakko Tammilehto, Aleksandra Kaurin, Guy Bosmans, Peter Kuppens, Marjo Flykt, Mervi Vänskä, Kirsi Peltonen, Jallu Lindblom

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of personality, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jaakko TammilehtoFaculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6920-4322
Aleksandra KaurinClinical Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-4395
Guy BosmansFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9057-6027
Peter KuppensFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-2356
Marjo FlyktFaculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-4357
Mervi VänskäFaculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-5012
Kirsi PeltonenINVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5112-3823
Jallu LindblomFaculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4636-1226

Funding

Jenny ja Antti Wihurin RahastoSuomen Kulttuurirahasto
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAttachment research has traditionally focused on traits, enhancing our understanding of attachment-related individual differences. However, to chart the dynamic properties of the attachment system, more research is needed on the within-person fluctuation of attachment states. In this ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study, we examined (a) the associations between the baseline, variability, and inertia of each state attachment dimension (security, avoidance, and anxiety) and (b) how trait attachment (anxiety and avoidance) predicts these dynamic features.

methodIn two adult samples (Ns = 122 and 127), trait attachment dimensions were first assessed using Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised. Then, attachment states were assessed seven or ten times a day over 1 week (4629 and 5322 successful EMA observations).

resultsFor state security, individuals with high baseline exhibited lower variability. In contrast, for state avoidance, those with high baseline showed higher variability. Both trait attachment anxiety and avoidance predicted lower baseline and higher variability of state security. Moreover, both trait dimensions predicted higher baselines of the corresponding states.

conclusionsOur findings provide insights into the real-time regulatory dynamics of the attachment system and their interconnection with trait attachment, underscoring the importance of baseline and variability in understanding how attachment manifests in everyday life.

Indexed as

AnxietyInterpersonal RelationsObject AttachmentPersonalityAdolescentAdultEcological Momentary AssessmentFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung Adultattachment systemattachment theorydynamic structural equation modelecological momentary assessmentstate attachment

Identifiers

PMID39418197
PMCPMC12053816

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.