ArticleAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2025
Ten-year follow-up after face transplantation-A single-center retrospective cohort study.
Article in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Experimental Swine Models for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation and Immunosuppression: A Systematic Review and Case Report of a Novel Heterotopic Hemifacial Swine Model.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Pooled it
- Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Pooled it
- Rituximab-based Induction in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: Prolonged Rejection-free Survival and the Role of Donor-specific Antibodies.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- The State of Posttransplant Malignancies in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Public perception of facial vascularized composite allotransplants-insights from a cross-sectional survey of healthy individuals in the USA.JPRAS open · 2026Article
- Chronic Rejection in Facial Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (fVCA).Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Rewiring faces: advances and outcomes in facial nerve reconstruction after facial vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Facial transplantation in emerging adulthood: characterizing challenges and opportunities to support optimal outcomes.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Article
- Review
- A comparative analysis of lesional skin, sentinel flap, and mucosal biopsies in assessing acute face transplant rejection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Differentiation of acute versus chronic skin rejection in a rodent model of vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Face transplantation has emerged as reconstructive option for the most challenging facial deformities. A comprehensive analysis of functional outcomes, medical complications, incidence of malignancy, and chronic rejection in face transplantation recipients over an extended follow-up period has not yet been published leaving a notable gap in the literature. We retrospectively collected data of morbidity, rejection, vasculopathy, metabolic side effects, as well as functional outcome of sensory return, facial motor function, and speech from 9 patients who underwent face transplantation at Brigham and Women's Hospital between 2009 and 2020. The median follow-up was 120 months (54 and 154 months). Four grafts (40%) developed signs of clinical and histopathologic chronic rejection without evidence of vasculopathy on computed tomography angiograms. Sensory return assessed with Weinstein enhanced sensory testing-monofilament showed an increase in 6 patients (66.7%), and facial expression analysis showed improvement throughout the whole cohort at their most recent follow-up. Speech intelligibility was stable or increasing for 5 patients (55.6%). In conclusion, the long-term outcomes reveal promising results in terms of overall graft retention and functional recovery. Metabolic, malignant, and infectious complications, as well as graft rejection episodes, are expected to occur in this population, and some may be related to patient's age and lifestyle.
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