ArticleNucleic acids research2024
Various plasmid strategies limit the effect of bacterial restriction-modification systems against conjugation.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- The type VI secretion system governs strain maintenance in a wild mammalian gut microbiome.eLife · 2026Article
- Development of a GFP-labeledApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Long-read metagenomics and methylation-based binning support the discovery of antibiotic resistance gene-host associations in complex communities.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Using auxotrophic donor strains to explore pQBR57 plasmid host range among environmental soil bacterial isolates.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- Lineage-aware comparison of extended-spectrumMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Do plasmid-dependent phages enable the survival of costly plasmids?bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Eco-evolutionary feedbacks drive the co-occurrence of restriction-modification systems and antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Nested mobile genetic elements mediating antimicrobial resistance genes mobility within and betweeniScience · 2026Article
- Immune-deficient bacteria serve as gateways to genetic exchange and microbial evolution.Nature communications · 2026Article
- It's not me, it's you: Anti-phage nuclease specificity inside a bacterium.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Biology of host-dependent restriction-modification in prokaryotes.EcoSal Plus · 2025Review
- Anti-plasmid defense in hypervirulentEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Plasmid streamlining drives the extinction of antibiotic resistance plasmids under selection for horizontal transmission.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Metagenomic editing of commensal bacteria in vivo using CRISPR-associated transposases.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Bacterial immune systems as causes and consequences of microbiome structure.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Conjugation-based genetic manipulation ofmBio · 2025Article
- The extended mobility of plasmids.Nucleic acids research · 2025Review
- Exploring the eco-evolutionary role of plasmids and defense systems in 'Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Overcoming challenges in metagenomic AMR surveillance with nanopore sequencing: a case study on fluoroquinolone resistance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Assessing the Role of Bacterial Innate and Adaptive Immunity as Barriers to Conjugative Plasmids.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
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3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In bacteria, genes conferring antibiotic resistance are mostly carried on conjugative plasmids, mobile genetic elements that spread horizontally between bacterial hosts. Bacteria carry defence systems that defend them against genetic parasites, but how effective these are against plasmid conjugation is poorly understood. Here, we study to what extent restriction-modification (RM) systems-by far the most prevalent bacterial defence systems-act as a barrier against plasmids. Using 10 different RM systems and 13 natural plasmids conferring antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli, we uncovered variation in defence efficiency ranging from none to 105-fold protection. Further analysis revealed genetic features of plasmids that explain the observed variation in defence levels. First, the number of RM recognition sites present on the plasmids generally correlates with defence levels, with higher numbers of sites being associated with stronger defence. Second, some plasmids encode methylases that protect against restriction activity. Finally, we show that a high number of plasmids in our collection encode anti-restriction genes that provide protection against several types of RM systems. Overall, our results show that it is common for plasmids to encode anti-RM strategies, and that, as a consequence, RM systems form only a weak barrier for plasmid transfer by conjugation.
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