ArticleScience advances2024
The e-Flower: A hydrogel-actuated 3D MEA for brain spheroid electrophysiology.
Article in Science advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Photo-guided azopolymer hydrogel actuators.Light, science & applications · 2026Article
- Three-dimensional microelectrode arrays forBiomedical engineering letters · 2026Review
- Microelectrode Arrays Technology for Brain-on-a-Chip Applications.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Multilayered microelectrode array for monitoring electrophysiological signals of 3d neural networks in cerebral organoid.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Organoid Brain-Machine-Interface Devices for Central Nervous System Repair.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Integrating living biomaterials into neuroelectronic systems.Biomedical engineering letters · 2026Review
- Shape-conformal porous frameworks for full coverage of neural organoids and high-resolution electrophysiology.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Toward continuous monitoring systems: emerging trends of on-chip sensors in organ-on-a-chip.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Microelectrode Array Interfaces for Organoids.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Stimuli-responsive materials in organ-on-a-chip systems: from dynamic microenvironment modelling to functional readout.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- 3D Cardiac Constructs in Drug Discovery: Current Advances and Future Challenges.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Brain organoids as precision models for neurodegenerative diseases: from disease modeling to drug discovery.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Dynamically autofocused 3D pulsed laser micromachining enables advanced 3D bioelectronics.Science advances · 2025Article
- Direct laser writing of electronically conductive microstructures within soft hydrogel substrates.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Inkjet-Printed 3D Sensor Arrays with FIB-Induced Electrode Refinement for Low-Noise Amperometric Recordings in hiPSC-Derived Brain Organoids.ACS sensors · 2025Article
- Sophisticated Interfaces Between Biosensors and Organoids: Advancing Towards Intelligent Multimodal Monitoring Physiological Parameters.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Reliability and stability of Bioelectronic Medicine: a critical and pedagogical perspective.Bioelectronic medicine · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Stimuli-Responsive Materials and Soft Robotic Actuators for Bioelectronic Medicine.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Modelling human brain development and disease with organoids.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2025Review
- 3D Spatiotemporal Activation Mapping of Cardiac Organoids Using Conformal Shell Microelectrode Arrays (MEAs).Research square · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traditional microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are limited to measuring electrophysiological activity in two dimensions, failing to capture the complexity of three-dimensional (3D) tissues such as neural organoids and spheroids. Here, we introduce a flower-shaped MEA (e-Flower) that can envelop submillimeter brain spheroids following actuation by the sole addition of the cell culture medium. Inspired by soft microgrippers, its actuation mechanism leverages the swelling properties of a polyacrylic acid hydrogel grafted to a polyimide substrate hosting the electrical interconnects. Compatible with standard electrophysiology recording systems, the e-Flower does not require additional equipment or solvents and is ready to use with preformed 3D tissues. We designed an e-Flower achieving a curvature as low as 300 micrometers within minutes, a value tunable by the choice of reswelling media and hydrogel cross-linker concentration. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability of the e-Flower to detect spontaneous neural activity across the spheroid surface, demonstrating its potential for comprehensive neural signal recording.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.