ReviewCancers2024
Present and Future of Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Review in Cancers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Modulation of tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis by combination immunotherapy approaches in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The Sig27 multigene stratifies breast cancer fatality risk via reflecting tumor-associated immune suppressive features.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Beyond Molecular Classification in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Toward Subtype-Guided Precision Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Differences in Treatment and Survival for Secondary Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Premenopausal Women.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Observational
- Breast cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms of immune evasion, biomarkers, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- The role of pluripotency regulators in triple-negative breast cancer immune response.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Impact of androgen receptor on triple negative breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analytic study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Breast cancer pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Physiology Reimagined: Molecular, Metabolic, and Microenvironmental Forces Driving Epithelial Cancers.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Enhancing Antitumor Efficacy of MUC1 mRNA Nano-Vaccine by CTLA-4 siRNA-Mediated Immune Checkpoint Modulation in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Mice Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Treatment Strategies for Cutaneous and Oral Mucosal Side Effects of Oncological Treatment in Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Delphi consensus on the management of adverse events in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer treated with sacituzumab govitecan.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Advancing Breast Cancer Treatment: The Role of Immunotherapy and Cancer Vaccines in Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Druggable Molecular Networks inBiology · 2025Review
- Development of a prognostic model based on four genes related to exhausted CD8+ T cell in triple-negative breast cancer patients: a comprehensive analysis integrating scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Resistance in Melanoma, Head and Neck, and Triple-Negative Breast Cancers.Journal of cellular immunology · 2025Article
- Exploratory Research for HIF-1α Overexpression Tumor Antigen in the Activation of Dendritic Cells and the Potent Anti-Tumor Immune Response.Cancer management and research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and progesterone receptors (PRs). TNBC has the poorest prognosis among breast cancer subtypes and is more likely to respond to immunotherapy due to its higher expression of PD-L1 and a greater percentage of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Immunotherapy has revolutionized TNBC treatment, especially with the FDA's approval of pembrolizumab (Keytruda) combined with chemotherapy for advanced cases, opening new avenues for treating this deadly disease. Although immunotherapy can significantly improve patient outcomes in a subset of patients, achieving the desired response rate for all remains an unmet clinical goal. Strategies that enhance responses to immune checkpoint blockade, including combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy, molecularly targeted therapy, or radiotherapy, may improve response rates and clinical outcomes. In this review, we provide a short background on TNBC and immunotherapy and explore the different types of immunotherapy strategies that are currently being evaluated in TNBC. Additionally, we review why combination strategies may be beneficial, provide an overview of the combination strategies, and discuss the novel immunotherapeutic opportunities that may be approved in the near future for TNBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.