ArticlePolymers2024
Evaluation of Additives on the Cell Metabolic Activity of New PHB/PLA-Based Formulations by Means of Material Extrusion 3D Printing for Scaffold Applications.
Article in Polymers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Polyhydroxyalkanoate degradation in soils: mechanisms, controls, biological responses, and knowledge gaps.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Bone Alloplastic Materials: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.Polymers · 2026Review
- Development and Characterization of Biodegradable Polymer Filaments for Additive Manufacturing.Polymers · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In this study, specific additives were incorporated in polyhydroxyalcanoate (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLA) blend to improve its compatibility, and so enhance the cell metabolic activity of scaffolds for tissue engineering. The formulations were manufactured through material extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing (AM) technology. As additives, petroleum-based poly(ethylene) with glicidyl metacrylate (EGM) and methyl acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate (EMAG); poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer (Xibond); and bio-based epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) were used. On one hand, standard geometries manufactured were assessed to evaluate the compatibilizing effect. The additives improved the compatibility of PHB/PLA blend, highlighting the effect of EMAG and ELO in ductile properties. The processability was also enhanced for the decrease in melt temperature as well as the improvement of thermal stability. On the other hand, manufactured scaffolds were evaluated for the purpose of bone regeneration. The mean pore size and porosity exhibited values between 675 and 718 μm and 50 and 53%, respectively. According to the results, the compression stress was higher (11-13 MPa) than the required for trabecular bones (5-10 MPa). The best results in cell metabolic activity were obtained by incorporating ELO and Xibond due to the decrease in water contact angle, showing a stable cell attachment after 7 days of culture as observed in SEM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.