ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Avian Influenza: Lessons from Past Outbreaks and an Inventory of Data Sources, Mathematical and AI Models, and Early Warning Systems for Forecasting and Hotspot Detection to Tackle Ongoing Outbreaks.
Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Transmission Pathways of Zoonotic Influenza Viruses and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Review of Recent Findings.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating transient risk factors for avian influenza outbreaks in Canada using case-crossover study and machine learning.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Multi-model large-scale AI framework for avian influenza surveillance and preparedness: Harnessing large language models to enhance risk communication, real-time decision support, and public health response strategies.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Biosensor Technologies for Avian Influenza Detection: A New Frontier in Rapid Diagnostics for HPAI.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Review
- Avian influenza risk mapping in India using machine learning.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Building resilience: Assessing the Canadian Animal Health Surveillance System's strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities within Canada's early warning system for animal health.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2026Article
- Forecasting Influenza Epidemics and Pandemics in the Age of AI and Machine Learning.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: Tracking the Progression from IAV (H5N1) to IAV (H7N9) and Preparing for Emerging Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza: a One Health perspective on risks, surveillance, and resilience.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Review
- Enhancing Global Health Security in Sub-Saharan Africa: The case for integrated One Health surveillance against zoonotic diseases and environmental threats.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Comparative evaluation of different transport media for H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Recent advances in avian influenza virus: Molecular pathogenesis, emerging strains, and next-generation therapeutics.World journal of virology · 2025Review
- The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Herpesvirus Detection, Transmission, and Predictive Modeling: With a Special Focus on Marek's Disease Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Avian Influenza Virus Strain Specificity in the Volatile Metabolome.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Occupational Risk from Avian Influenza Viruses at Different Ecological Interfaces Between 1997 and 2019.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The role of artificial intelligence in detecting avian influenza virus outbreaks: A review.Open veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Landscape of H5 Infections in ASEAN Region: Past Insights, Present Realities, & Future Strategies.Viruses · 2025Review
- Evaluation of risk-based antigen and antibody surveillance strategies and their association with HPAI outbreaks in South Korean duck farms.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- H5N1 influenza A virus: lessons from past outbreaks and emerging threats.Le infezioni in medicina · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesThe ongoing avian influenza (H5N1) outbreak, one of the most widespread and persistent in recent history, has significantly impacted public health and the poultry and dairy cattle industries. This review covers lessons from past outbreaks, risk factors for transmission, molecular epidemiology, clinical features, surveillance strategies, and socioeconomic impacts. Since 1997, H5N1 has infected over 900 individuals globally, with a fatality rate exceeding 50%. Key factors influencing infection rates include demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and ecological variables. The virus's potential for sustained human-to-human transmission remains a concern. The current outbreak, marked by new viral clades, has complicated containment efforts.
methodsThis review discusses how to integrate technological advances, such as mathematical modeling and artificial intelligence (AI), to improve forecasting, hotspot detection, and early warning systems.
resultsWe provide inventories of data sources, covering both conventional and unconventional data streams, as well as those of mathematical and AI models, which can be vital for comprehensive surveillance and outbreak responses.
conclusionIn conclusion, integrating AI, mathematical models, and technological innovations into a One-Health approach is essential for improving surveillance, forecasting, and response strategies to mitigate the impacts of the ongoing avian influenza outbreak. Strengthening international collaboration and biosecurity measures will be pivotal in controlling future outbreaks and protecting both human and animal populations from this evolving global threat.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.