ArticleBMC public health2024
Air pollution's numerical, spatial, and temporal heterogeneous impacts on childhood hand, foot and mouth disease: a multi-model county-level study from China.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- An explainable geospatial framework for fine-scale Fatty Liver Disease (FLD) risk assessment: roles of social economy, built environment, and psychology.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Among Children and Adolescents in Türkiye.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal heterogeneity and socioeconomic determinants of syphilis incidence in Xining, Northwest China: a geospatial analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Interactive and joint effects of multiple meteorological and air pollution exposures on hand, foot and mouth disease risk in western China: a time-series analysis.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Ambient air pollution and meteorological factors associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease risk in Shenzhen, China: a time-series study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Bayesian joint spatiotemporal modelling of primary infection and reinfection of HFMD at county level in Jiangsu, China, 2009-2023.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Multiscale environmental drivers of human brucellosis transmission in Xinjiang: A spatiotemporal analysis integrating GAM and MaxEnt modeling (2015-2023).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Joint spatiotemporal evaluation of multiple healthcare resources: hospitals, hospital beds and physicians across 365 Chinese cities over 22 years.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- From infectious diseases to chronic diseases: the paradigm shift of spatial epidemiology in disease prevention and control.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Co-evolution of private and public hospitals: spatiotemporal disparities, geospatial interactions, and social determinants over 19 years in Sichuan, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal disparities in maternal mortality and the role of multiscale administrative levels: a 20-year study across Chinese counties.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile stationary links between childhood hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and air pollution are known, a comprehensive study on their heterogeneous relationships (nonstationarity), jointly considering numerical, temporal and spatial dimensions, has not been reported.
methodsMonthly HFMD incidence and air pollution data were collected at the county level from Sichuan-Chongqing, China (2009-2011), alongside meteorological and social environmental covariates. Key influential factors were identified using random forest (RF) under the stationary assumption. Factors' numerically, temporally, and spatially heterogeneous relationships with HFMD were assessed using generalized additive model (GAM) and geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR).
resultsOur findings highlighted the relatively higher stationary contributions of fine particulate matter (PM
conclusionsThis study underscores the nuanced and three-perspective heterogeneous influences of air pollution on HFMD in small areas, emphasizing the need for differentiated, localized, and time-sensitive prevention and control strategies to enhance the precision of dynamic early warnings and predictive models for HFMD and other infectious diseases, particularly in the fields of environmental and spatial epidemiology.
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