ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2024
Immunotherapy for glioblastoma: current state, challenges, and future perspectives.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 223 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
223 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- cGAS-STING agonists in preclinical glioblastoma animal models: a systematic review of tumor microenvironment modulation and survival outcomes.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- T cell immunity in glioma and potential implications for immunotherapy: A systematic review.Neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Oncolytic virus OVV-03 enhances CAR-T cell therapy against glioblastoma via immune modulation and specific HER2 upregulation.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Structural optimization of CHI3L1 inhibitors with improved pharmacokinetics and functional activity in 3D glioblastoma models.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Pathway dysregulation and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets.Future science OA · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptome-guided biomimetic magnetothermal hydrogel microspheres for multimodal eradication of residual glioblastoma.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Breaking adaptive oncogenic resistance in glioblastoma via targeting the EGFR-STAT3 axis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Review
- Beyond the blood-brain barrier: humanised mice, the missing link in glioblastoma research.Oncogene · 2026Review
- IL-17D reprograms CD93Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- In Vitro Effects of an Olive Polyphenol-Bromelain Formulation on U87MG Glioblastoma Cells: Viability, Cell-Cycle Distribution, Cytokine Release, and Total Antioxidant Capacity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- EGFRvIII Reduces Neural Stem/Progenitor Marker Expression in GFAP-Negative iNSCs: Evidence for a Context-Dependent Cellular Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-guided discovery of fungal ergosterol derivatives as selective LXRβ agonists targeting the cholesterol dependency of glioblastoma.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Article
- Redox Regulation in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Galanin impairs tumor immunity in glioblastoma by promoting infiltration and ferroptosis resistance of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- Deciphering LonP1's role in glioblastoma: an alternative mechanism of treatment resistance.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for Glioma: A compartmental framework for resistance and rational combination design.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-based immunotherapy: integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) with current strategies in combating brain cancer disease.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
163 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal type of brain tumor in human adults. The standard of care offers minimal clinical benefit, and most GBM patients experience tumor recurrence after treatment. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the development of novel immunotherapies or other therapeutic strategies that can overcome immunotherapy resistance in many advanced cancers. However, the benefit of immune-based treatments in GBM is limited because of the unique brain immune profiles, GBM cell heterogeneity, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we present a detailed overview of current immunotherapeutic strategies and discuss the challenges and potential molecular mechanisms underlying immunotherapy resistance in GBM. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth discussion regarding the strategies that can overcome immunotherapy resistance in GBM, which will likely require combination therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.