Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39404754›Full record

Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2025

Prize-Based Incentives for Smoking Cessation Among People With HIV: A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial.

David M Ledgerwood, Leslie H Lundahl, Mark K Greenwald, Jonathan Cohn, Cynthia L Arfken

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01965405 (Behavioral Smoking Cessation Treatment for People Living With HIV/AIDS), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01965405 naunknown statusnot on this map

Behavioral Smoking Cessation Treatment for People Living With HIV/AIDS

TypeinterventionalSponsorWayne State UniversityRan2013 to 2021Enrolled165ConditionsHIV, AIDS, Nicotine DependenceArmsBupropion, Brief Counseling, High-magnitude prize contingency management, Monitored support to quit smoking, No additional treatment
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

David M LedgerwoodDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3122-0199
Leslie H LundahlDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Mark K GreenwaldDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9541-7321
Jonathan CohnDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Cynthia L ArfkenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.

Funding

Behavioral Smoking Cessation Treatment for People Living with HIV/AIDSR01DA034537 · NIDA · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI LEDGERWOOD, DAVID M · 2013 to 2016
$1.8M
Detroit Wayne Integrated Health NetworkGertrude Levin Endowed Chair in Addiction and Pain BiologyMichigan Department of Health and Human ServicesNIDA NIH HHS R01 DA034537
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionContingency management (CM) is an incentive-based approach that has demonstrated efficacy for smoking cessation in various populations. There is an unmet need for feasible and effective smoking cessation interventions in people with HIV (PWH). The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of prize-based CM for smoking cessation in PWH using a Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomization Trial (SMART) design selected to tailor intervention intensity based on early treatment response.

methodsDuring phase I, 129 participants were randomly assigned to high-magnitude prize CM (HM-CM) or standard of care (SoC) for 4 weeks. Participants who did not reduce smoking were randomized in phase II to continued counseling with HM-CM plus monitoring support or only continued monitoring support for 8 weeks. Participants who reduced smoking were randomized to booster monitoring with low-magnitude CM or no additional care. Outcomes were biochemically verified smoking reduction and 7-day abstinence prevalence at posttreatment, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up.

resultsPhase I responders (based on biochemical indicators of smoking reduction) were significantly less likely to return to smoking (during treatment and at 6 and 12 months) if they received low-magnitude incentives. Notably, initial exposure to CM versus SoC did not increase the rate of phase I response, and high-magnitude incentives later in treatment did not lead to greater smoking cessation for early-treatment nonresponders.

conclusionsWeekly CM sessions in the first 4 weeks of smoking cessation intervention did not perform significantly better than SoC. However, brief booster CM sessions aimed at maintaining early smoking cessation hold clinical promise and warrant further investigation. IMPLICATIONS: This represents the first trial to examine the use of CM for smoking cessation among PWH within the context of a SMART design. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT01965405 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01965405).

Indexed as

Awards and PrizesHIV InfectionsMotivationSmoking CessationAdultCounselingFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID39404754
PMCPMC12892115

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.