ReviewCells2024
Immune Checkpoints and Cellular Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC).
Review in Cells, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development of an immunocompetent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma model identifies VISTA and CTLA-4 as targetable immune checkpoints.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Single-Cell Transcriptomic Mapping of PD-L1/TLR4 Remodeling Informs Topical Immunoprevention Timing in Skin Carcinogenesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Localization of dendritic cells and T cells within the tumor microenvironment in different types of skin cancer.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2026Article
- Identified BIRC5 and HDAC1 as novel diagnostic biomarkers linked to centrosome-immune crosstalk for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma via machine learning-based multi-omics analysis.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Cutaneous Dendritic Cells: Structure, Function and Immune Role.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Deletion of p53-Related Protein Kinase Suppresses Solar UV-Induced Photocarcinogenesis by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression and Enhancing CD8 T-Cell Infiltration.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Optimized Whole-Mount X-gal Staining to Detect Hedgehog Signaling Activity in Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Platform for Spatial Integration with Immune Analysis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Skin cancer surgery under local anesthesia: clinicopathologic characteristics and age-stratified outcomes in 533 patients.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Comparative profiling of T cell and macrophage subsets in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Role of Solute Carriers in the Metabolic Reprogramming of Skin Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Comparative study of early onset cancer burden between China and the United States from 1990 to 2021.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the Complexity of Cutaneous Squamous CellCarcinoma Microenvironment: Focus on Immune Cell Roles by Novel 3D In Vitro Models.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cemiplimab in the treatment of metastatic basal cell carcinoma.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Current and Emerging Insights into the Causes, Immunopathogenesis, and Treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Prognostic Biomarkers in Evolving Melanoma Immunotherapy.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2025Review
- The glucose sensor NSUN2-mInternational journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Trends and emerging frontiers of photodynamic therapy for non-melanoma skin cancer (1979-October 2024): a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of immunotherapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- From neglect to necessity: the role of innate immunity in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Regulatory T cells in immune checkpoint blockade antitumor therapy.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is primarily categorized into basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most prevalent form of skin cancer, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), the second most common type. Both BCC and cSCC represent a significant health burden, particularly in immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. The immune system plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of NMSC, making it a critical focus for therapeutic interventions. This review highlights key immunological targets in BCC and cSCC, with a focus on immune checkpoint molecules such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, which regulate T cell activity and contribute to immune evasion. This review also highlights anti-tumor immune cell subsets within the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and dendritic cells. Additionally, it examines the immunosuppressive elements of the TME, including regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as well as their roles in NMSC progression and resistance to therapy. Emerging strategies targeting these immune elements, such as monoclonal antibodies, are also discussed for their potential to enhance anti-tumor immune responses and improve clinical outcomes. By elucidating the immunological landscape of BCC and cSCC and drawing comparisons to melanoma, this review highlights the transformative potential of immunotherapy in treating these malignancies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.