ArticleBMC research notes2024
Changes in vaginal cytokines concentrations during artificial insemination and natural service in beef heifers.
Article in BMC research notes, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Regulation of the maternal immune system during early bovine pregnancy.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveHeifer development is crucial for the optimization of reproductive efficiency in beef production. Heifer development is largely influenced by nutrition. Nutritional status of these heifers can influence immunological responses that are crucial for reproduction. Commercial Angus heifers (n = 9) were utilized, in a pilot study, to elucidate the effects of sampling time (days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35), pregnancy status, and type of mating on individual cytokine concentrations and cytokine profiles in the vagina following breeding.
resultsCytokine profiles were analyzed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 and one-way ANOVAs were performed in R Studio to identify differences in individual cytokines based on sampling time, pregnancy status, and type of mating. Cytokine profiles were different (P = 0.05) 7 days after either mating type. Cytokines, IL-1β, IL-17a, MCP-1, and TNFα were different based on the mating type and pregnancy status. Multiple cytokines, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17a, VEGFa, and MIP1α, were different between days regardless of pregnancy status. In conclusion, vaginal cytokines differ based on pregnancy status, type of mating, and time which may be indicative of vital pathways that need to be activated for pregnancy.
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