ReviewThe oncologist2025
Recent advances in Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy for glioblastoma.
Review in The oncologist, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tumor Treating Fields Enhance Temozolomide-Associated Growth Suppression in Glioblastoma Cells and Patient-Derived Organoids Through Cell-Cycle Blockade, Apoptosis, and SMAD-Associated Signaling.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Triple-Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation Combined with Fingolimod Reduces Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis-Associated Extracellular Vesicle Protein Levels.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Engineering the tumor immune landscape: Translating non-invasive physical stimulation into tumor-associated macrophage-targeted cancer immunotherapy.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Neuromodulation in Neuro-Oncology: A Scoping Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Tumor Treating Fields and the Glioblastoma Microenvironment: Mechanistic Convergences with Radiotherapy.Cancers · 2026Review
- Age-specific disparities in rural and urban survival among patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma: a population-based study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Post-recurrence management of malignant glial brain tumors: therapeutic strategies, evidence and limitations, palliative care, terminal sedation, and end-of-life considerations.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Article
- Intensity- and time-dependent anticancer effects of alternating electric fields in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Precision reirradiation in recurrent CNS tumors integrating biology techniques and multimodal care.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- NAALADL1 modulates cellular resistance to Tumor Treating Fields in colorectal cancer.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Evolving Landscape of Glioblastoma Research: Integrating Therapeutic Advances and Diagnostic Frontiers.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor treating fields for newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a retrospective analysis.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Role of Bevacizumab in Multiple Glioblastomas: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis.Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) · 2026Article
- The functional imperative in high-grade glioma.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Current Pharmacotherapeutic Strategies in Diffuse Gliomas: Focus on Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype, and Emerging Targeted Therapies for IDH-Mutant Tumors.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cannabidiol in Gliomas: Therapeutic Potential and Nanocarrier Strategies, with an Emphasis on Vesicular Delivery Systems.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Electricity-Based Locoregional Cancer Therapies and Their Associated Drug Delivery Technologies: From Principles of Action to Clinical Implications.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- Advances in Artificial Intelligence for Glioblastoma Radiotherapy Planning and Treatment.Cancers · 2025Review
- Rethinking p16, p53, and HPV in HNCSCC through lessons from glioblastoma subclonal evolution toward patient-centric N-of-1 single-cell RNA sequencing paradigm.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy is a locoregional, anticancer treatment consisting of a noninvasive, portable device that delivers alternating electric fields to tumors through arrays placed on the skin. Based on efficacy and safety data from global pivotal (randomized phase III) clinical studies, TTFields therapy (Optune Gio) is US Food and Drug Administration-approved for newly diagnosed (nd) and recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) and Conformité Européenne-marked for grade 4 glioma. Here we review data on the multimodal TTFields mechanism of action that includes disruption of cancer cell mitosis, inhibition of DNA replication and damage response, interference with cell motility, and enhancement of systemic antitumor immunity (adaptive immunity). We describe new data showing that TTFields therapy has efficacy in a broad range of patients, with a tolerable safety profile extending to high-risk subpopulations. New analyses of clinical study data also confirmed that overall and progression-free survival positively correlated with increased usage of the device and dose of TTFields at the tumor site. Additionally, pilot/early phase clinical studies evaluating TTFields therapy in ndGBM concomitant with immunotherapy as well as radiotherapy have shown promise, and new pivotal studies will explore TTFields therapy in these settings. Finally, we review recent and ongoing studies in patients in pediatric care, other central nervous system tumors and brain metastases, as well as other advanced-stage solid tumors (ie, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, gastric, and hepatic cancers), that highlight the broad potential of TTFields therapy as an adjuvant treatment in oncology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.