Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39400333›Full record

ArticleJournal of adolescence2025

Unveiling the longitudinal reciprocal relationship between burnout and engagement among adolescent athletes in sport schools.

Joni Kuokkanen, Milla Saarinen, Daniel J Phipps, Johan Korhonen, Jan-Erik Romar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of adolescence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Joni KuokkanenFaculty of Education and Welfare Studies, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-2195-4623
Milla SaarinenThe Child and Youth Sport Research Centre, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-1378-3588
Daniel J PhippsFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-0217-0578
Johan KorhonenFaculty of Education and Welfare Studies, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-9666-9400
Jan-Erik RomarFaculty of Education and Welfare Studies, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-9694-3999

Funding

Högskolestiftelsen i Österbotten
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBurnout and engagement are pivotal for adolescents' well-being and have received extensive attention in the educational literature. However, less is known about how these factors develop and interact within and between school and sport when adolescent athletes follow dual (school and sport) careers. The aim of this study was to examine the reciprocal relationship between engagement and burnout in school and sport through a cross-lagged analysis of longitudinal associations.

methodsA sample of 165 Finnish adolescent athletes (aged 14.5 years, 48.9% girls) enrolled in lower secondary sport schools (i.e., junior high schools) participated in a survey in spring 2019 (i.e., in Grade 8) and 1 year later, in spring 2020 (i.e., in Grade 9).

resultsEngagement and burnout had significant autoregressive relationships within school and sport. Furthermore, low levels of sport engagement in Grade 8 predicted sport burnout in Grade 9, and low levels of school burnout in Grade 8 predicted school engagement in Grade 9. Regarding cross-domain effects, high levels of school engagement in Grade 8 predicted low levels of sport engagement in Grade 9.

conclusionsThe study shows that school and sport are distinct domains with unique associations between engagement and burnout in each domain. It also shows that adolescent athletes may maintain high school engagement by reducing their sport engagement. These findings highlight the need for sport school practitioners to develop intervention programs to address adolescents' school and sport needs and to support their holistic well-being.

Indexed as

AthletesBurnout, PsychologicalSportsStudentsYouth SportsAdolescentFemaleFinlandHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSchoolsSurveys and Questionnairesadolescent athletesburnoutdemands–resources modeldual careerengagementlower secondary sport schools

Identifiers

PMID39400333
PMCPMC11791724

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.