ArticleTherapeutic advances in neurological disorders2024
Long-term analysis of infections and associated risk factors in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab: pooled analysis of 13 interventional clinical trials.
Article in Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimizing the Use of Anti-CD20 Agents in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Central Nervous System Disorders: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Ten Years of Ocrelizumab in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis: The OPERA I and II Randomized Clinical Trials.JAMA neurology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Documented Infections by Provider Specialty in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Disease-Modifying Therapies: A Claims Database Analysis.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Disease Course After Anti-CD20 Discontinuation in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis-A Multicenter Long-Term Longitudinal Study.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Switching to Ocrelizumab Due to Suboptimal Treatment Response: Results of the 4-Year CASTING-LIBERTO Trial.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Discontinuation of ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis: reoccurrence of disease activity.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Age, Low Immunoglobulin G, and M Serum Levels Predict Infections in People With AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD Treated With Rituximab-A Multicenter Cohort Study From the German Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS).European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Ocrelizumab Discontinuation vs. Continuation After Safety Events: Comparative Insights from MSBase.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Positioning siponimod and the post-treatment gap: the unmet needs of SPMS patients in Italian real-world practice.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Multiple sclerosis patients under treatment with interferon β1-a or ocrelizumab exhibit different T and B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Real-world observational study of infections in people treated with ocrelizumab for multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Review
- CONFIDENCE treatment success: long-term real-world effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab in Germany.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Hypogammaglobulinemia and infection rates in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab for up to six years: A real-world single-center study.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) have an increased risk of infections. Objectives: To characterize incidence, clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors of infections, and serious infections (SIs) in ocrelizumab (OCR)-treated PwMS. Design: Methods: Descriptive analyses of clinical characteristics and outcomes were reported over ⩽14 years. A Poisson Generalized Estimating Equation model was constructed to examine risk factors in a subgroup of patients with longer exposure to OCR ( Results: Over a median (max) treatment period of 3.7 (13.9) years, 420/6155 patients (6.8%) experienced 583 SIs, excluding coronavirus disease 2019. Incidence rates in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS; 1.50 per 100 patient years [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34-1.68]) and progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS; 3.70 [95% CI: 3.27-4.17]) remained stable over this period. Lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, abdominal and gastrointestinal, and skin infections were the most commonly reported SIs. Most SIs (~90%) resolved, and treatment with OCR was continued in >80% of cases. The presence of 1 or ⩾2 comorbidities (rate ratio = 1.66, 2.73, respectively), recent relapse activity (2.06), and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score ⩾6.0 (2.02) were significant risk factors for SIs in patients with RMS treated over a median (max) period of 8.3 (11.2) years. In patients with primary PMS treated over a median (max) period of 7.1 (11.8) years, an EDSS score ⩾6.0 was associated with the greatest risk of SIs, a 4-fold increase (rate ratio, 4.31), followed by abnormal immunoglobulin (Ig)M levels (1.89), the presence of ⩾2 comorbidities (1.80), and having overweight/obesity (1.46). Time on OCR and abnormal IgG levels were not significantly associated with an increased SI risk. Conclusion: Continuous long-term treatment with OCR is associated with a manageable infection risk profile. Optimal disease control and addressing modifiable risk factors may reduce the risk of infections.
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