Is Artificial Intelligence hallucinating?

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

1. Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Decision Support in Rural Spine Care: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
   Review
2. Artificial intelligence in plant salt stress research: from predictive models to multi-omics integration.Journal of experimental botany · 2026
   Review
3. Artificial intelligence disclosure in scientific writing: a step beyond policy awareness.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2026
   Article
4. Optimistic and ambivalent attitudes toward clinical artificial intelligence.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2026
   Article
5. Comparison of reference management software with new artificial intelligence-based tools.Journal of educational evaluation for health professions · 2026
   Review
6. The Limitations of Artificial Intelligence in Head and Neck Oncology.Advances in therapy · 2025
   Review
7. Evaluation of a Popular Large Language Model in Orthopedic Literature Review: Comparison to Previously Published Reviews.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2025
   Article
8. The use of Artificial Intelligence in Psychotherapy: Practical and Ethical Aspects.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2024
   Article
9. On the 'Hallucinations' of Artificial Intelligence and the Hallucination Experience in Human.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2024
   Article
10. Improving Psychiatry Services with Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Challenges.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2024
    Review
11. Towards a New Era in Science, Education, and Clinical Practice: The Promise of Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2024
    Article
12. Comparative assessment of ChatGPT and Gemini answers to common chronic obstructive pulmonary disease questions: An expert panel evaluation by pulmonologists.Chronic respiratory disease
    Article
13. Global Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Orthopaedic Surgery: Findings from the 2025 ABC Travelling Fellowship Survey.JB & JS open access
    Article

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

Authors and funding

1 author.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.