ArticleBMC health services research2024
Compliance with the 2016 WHO's antenatal care recommendation and its determinants among women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel-analysis of population survey data.
Article in BMC health services research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Compliance with WHO-recommended eight+ antenatal care contacts among adolescent and young mothers in Kenya: policy implications from the 2022 Kenya demographic health survey.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Correlates of antenatal care visits among expectant mothers in Malawi: application of generalised estimating equations and likelihood-based poisson and negative binomial mixed models.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Antenatal care in Meghalaya - An Uphill Battle: A Community-based Study of Drivers and Barriers of Antenatal Care Utilization.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2026Article
- Utilization of antenatal care services among pregnant women in an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Nonadherence to the WHO 2016 Antenatal Care Model and Associated Factors Among Delivering and Postnatal Women in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of pregnancy · 2026Article
- Article
- 'We truly feel limited': nurses and midwives' perspectives on multi-level factors influencing women's adherence to ANC in Rwanda: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Quantifying maternal vaccination opportunities across gestational age windows: a real-world multi-country, longitudinal study.AJOG global reports · 2025Article
- Evaluating community digital data linkage with or without community data use to increase antenatal care uptake in Western Kenya: protocol for a pragmatic open-label, cluster-randomised controlled superiority trial.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the positive impact of adhering to the new antenatal care model on pregnancy outcomes and maternal health service uptake, women in resource-limited settings exhibit low levels of compliance with this recommendation. Previous studies on women's adherence to the new antenatal care recommendation have been limited to individual countries, with no evidence available at Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) level. Therefore, this study sought to investigate compliance with the 2016 WHO's recommendation of at least eight antenatal care contacts among women in SSA countries and identify its determinants.
methodsThe study utilized a weighted sample of 101,983 women who had received antenatal care during their index pregnancy, drawn from recent DHS data of sixteen SSA countries. A multilevel mixed-effect analysis was conducted to identify factors that influence compliance with new antenatal care recommendations. Model comparison was performed using deviance and log-likelihood values, and statistical significance was determined at a P-value of less than 0.05.
resultsThe level of compliance with the recommended antenatal care contacts among women in SSA was 9.9% (95% CI: 9.7-10.1%), with the highest rate in Sierra Leone (26.1%) and lowest in Rwanda (< 1%). A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, education, employment status, household wealth, healthcare decisions, the timing of antenatal contacts, consumption of nutritional supplements, residence, community-level women illiteracy, and media exposure were the significant determinants of compliance.
conclusionOnly one in ten pregnant women in SSA countries had attended the recommended number of antenatal contacts, with Sierra Leone having the highest compliance rate and Rwanda and Senegal having the lowest. Therefore, policymakers should focus on improving access to education, especially for women and their partners, and providing exempted services for pregnant women from low-income households. Interventions that target communities with low levels of literacy and media exposure could also be effective in improving the uptake of the services.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.