SynthesisAmerican journal of surgery2025
Racial disparities in thyroid cancer outcomes: A systematic review.
Synthesis in American journal of surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Socioeconomic Health Disparities in the Treatment of Thyroid Cancer: A Single Institution in Southwestern Ohio.Head & neck · 2026Article
- The role of rurality and race/ethnicity in thyroid cancer stage at diagnosis and survival among adolescents and young adults in the United States: an analysis of 2000-2021 SEER data.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Article
- JAG1 expression in papillary thyroid cancer stem-like cells predicts poor prognosis and implicates angiogenesis.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- [Conversion to outpatient treatment beyond the hybrid DRG-A view abroad].Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionRacial disparities in surgical outcomes are well described, but a paucity of literature exists examining trends in outcomes of thyroid cancer. We performed a systematic review of studies on thyroid cancer outcomes to better delineate the impact of race.
methodsA comprehensive search strategy was performed in several academic databases for articles on thyroid cancer and surgical outcomes in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A total of 1771 abstracts were reviewed. Abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers with disagreements resolved by a third. Studies that were based in the United States, included single center, unique data, focused on outcomes of differentiated thyroid cancer, were performed on adults >18 years old, and reported race in their results were included. Chi square statistics with Yates correction were calculated on the compiled data. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022300021).
resultsTwelve studies met inclusion criteria with data on 7,221patients. Among the included studies, our study consists of 67 % White patients, 22 % Black patients, 7 % Hispanic patients, and 3 % Asian patients. Extrathyroidal extension was observed in 8.4 % (n = 13) of White patients. In comparison to White patients, Black (18.4 %, n = 21, p = 0.024) and Hispanic patients (28.3 %, n = 30, p < 0.001) had a higher incidence of extrathyroidal extension, while a similar incidence was observed in Asian patients (14.0 %, n = 8, p = 0.336). Compared to White patients (22.2 %, n = 34), Black (12.4 %, n = 13, p = 0.065), Hispanic (16.0 %, n = 15, p = 0.301), and Asian (18.4 %, n = 9, p = 0.709) patients had a similar incidence of T1a stage. White patients had 10.1 % (n = 54) recurrence rates, and Black (13.5 %, n = 7, p = 0.595), Hispanic (10.5 %, n = 2, p = 1.000), and Asian (11.1 %, n = 3, p = 1.000) patients had similar recurrence rates.
conclusionsRace is seldom reported in outcomes on studies of thyroid cancer. From our analysis we conclude that non-White patients may have a higher risk of more advanced local disease at presentation. More data with granular detail on race is necessary to better understand racial disparities in thyroid cancer outcomes and how to alleviate them.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.