Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39395409›Full record

ReviewNeuron2025

Waste clearance shapes aging brain health.

Li-Feng Jiang-Xie, Antoine Drieu, Jonathan Kipnis

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neuron, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Glymphatic function in humans: indicators, modulators, and measurement strategies.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Review
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  12. Reconstructing cerebral lymphatic clearance: an emerging target in the Alzheimer's disease therapeutic pipeline.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Li-Feng Jiang-XieCenter for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Antoine DrieuUniversité Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, 75014 Paris, France.
Jonathan KipnisCenter for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: kipnis@wustl.edu.

Funding

The protein tyrosine kinase SYK drives innate immune responses against Alzheimer's DiseaseP01AG078106 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Jonathan Kipnis · 2022 to 2026
$18.4M
Meninges-to-astrocyte communication in cognitive functionR01AG034113 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI KIPNIS, JONATHAN · 2010 to 2019
$3.8M
Immune system supports brain functionR37AG034113 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Jonathan Kipnis · 2020 to 2026
$3.7M
Robust workflow software for MRI tracking of glymphatic-lymphatic couplingR01AT011419 · NCCIH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BENVENISTE, HELENE D, KIPNIS, JONATHAN · 2021 to 2025
$3.6M
NCCIH NIH HHS R01 AT011419NIA NIH HHS P01 AG078106NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034113NIA NIH HHS R37 AG034113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brain health is intimately connected to fluid flow dynamics that cleanse the brain of potentially harmful waste material. This system is regulated by vascular dynamics, the maintenance of perivascular spaces, neural activity during sleep, and lymphatic drainage in the meningeal layers. However, aging can impinge on each of these layers of regulation, leading to impaired brain cleansing and the emergence of various age-associated neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Understanding the intricacies of fluid flow regulation in the brain and how this becomes altered with age could reveal new targets and therapeutic strategies to tackle age-associated neurological decline.

Indexed as

AgingBrainAlzheimer DiseaseAnimalsGlymphatic SystemHumansbrain bordersbrain clearancelymphaticmeningeal immunitymeningeal lymphaticneuroimmunologysleep

Identifiers

PMID39395409
PMCPMC11717645

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.