Trial reportEBioMedicine2024
Real-world assessment of immunogenicity in immunocompromised individuals following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination: a two-year follow-up of the prospective clinical trial COVAXID.
Trial report in EBioMedicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04780659 (Immunological Responses After Vaccination for COVID-19 With the Messenger Ribonucleic Acid), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Immunological Responses After Vaccination for COVID-19 With the Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Vaccine Comirnaty in Immunosuppressed and Immunocompetent Individuals. An Open and Non-randomized, Phase IV Multicenter Study
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- HIV-1 viral load and reservoir size remain stable following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in people with HIV.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine induces stronger innate and comparable or better adaptive responses than licensed inactivated vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Strategies for mitigating severe COVID-19 in patients with haematological malignancy during the omicron era.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Review
- COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: a prospective outlook from technological innovation to clinical practice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Vaccination Strategies and Research Gaps in Hepatitis E Virus for Special Populations.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunocompromised patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies have shown impaired responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, necessitating recommendations for additional booster doses. However, longitudinal data reflecting the real-world impact of such recommendations remains limited.
methodsThis study represents a two-year follow-up of the COVAXID clinical trial, where 364 of the original 539 subjects consented to participate. 355 individuals provided blood samples for evaluation of binding antibody (Ab) titers and pseudo-neutralisation capacity against both the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain and prevalent Omicron variants. T cell responses were assessed in a subset of these individuals. A multivariate analysis determined the correlation between Ab responses and the number of vaccine doses received, documented infection events, immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT), and specific immunosuppressive drugs. The original COVAXID clinical trial was registered in EudraCT (2021-000175-37) and clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04780659).
findingsSeveral of the patient groups that responded poorly to the initial primary vaccine schedule and early booster doses presented with stronger immunogenicity-related responses including binding Ab titres and pseudo-neutralisation at the 18- and 24-month sampling time point. Responses correlated positively with the number of vaccine doses and infection. The vaccine response was blunted by an immunosuppressive state due to the underlying specific disease and/or to specific immunosuppressive treatment.
interpretationThe study results highlight the importance of continuous SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster doses in building up and sustaining Ab responses in specific immunocompromised patient populations.
fundingThe present studies were supported by the European Research Council, Karolinska Institutet, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Nordstjernan AB, Region Stockholm, and the Swedish Research Council.
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