ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026
Does Camouflaging Cause Reduced Quality of Life? A Co-Twin Control Study.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unmasking: A Mixed-Methods Study of Autistic College Students' Efforts to Stop Masking/Camouflaging.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Does Camouflaging Predict Functioning, Distress, and Quality of Life for Autistic Adults?Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Quality-of-life assessment in autistic adults with lower support needs: gaps and emerging challenges.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Legal, ethical and moral dilemma of human cloning: the conflict between technological progress and human dignity.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The impact of camouflaging autistic traits on psychological and physiological stress: a co-twin control study.Molecular autism · 2025Article
- Diagnosis acceptance, masking, and perceived benefits and challenges in adults with ADHD and ASD: associations with quality of life.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- A good autistic life: an autistic-led conceptualization of autistic flourishing through autistic women's-lived experiences.Frontiers in sociology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Camouflaging has been proposed to have a detrimental effect on quality of life, yet previous research has not accounted sufficiently for potential confounding by genetic and shared environmental factors. The current study utilized a co-twin control design providing stringent control for a range of confounders to investigate the hypothesis that camouflaging autistic traits has a negative impact on quality of life. The sample included 140 individual twins from 42 monozygotic (MZ) and 28 dizygotic (DZ) twin-pairs, enriched for participants with neurodevelopmental conditions including 22 autistic participants. All twins provided self-reports of camouflaging and quality of life. Autistic participants and specifically autistic females displayed increased camouflaging behaviors compared to non-autistic participants. Across the sample, higher levels of camouflaging were associated with reduced quality of life, surviving adjustment for confounding effects of autistic traits, ADHD, sex, and age. Within DZ- as well as MZ-pairs, which provide the highest level of control for unmeasured confounders, twins who camouflaged more reported lower quality of life compared to their co-twins, consistent with a causal influence of camouflaging on quality of life. Our results strengthen previous claims purporting camouflaging behaviors as a risk factor for reduced quality of life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.