Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39394329›Full record

ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2026

Association between empty nose syndrome and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease: a preliminary cohort study.

Jerome R Lechien, Miguel Mayo-Yanez, Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba, Giannicola Iannella, Giovanni Cammaroto, Andrea De Vito, Alberto M Saibene, Luigi A Vaira, Antonino Maniaci

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Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Can chatbots enhance the management of pediatric sialadenitis in clinical practice?European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024
    Article
  2. Accuracy of ChatGPT responses on tracheotomy for patient education.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024
    Article
  3. Accuracy of ChatGPT responses on tracheotomy for patient education.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jerome R LechienDepartment of Surgery, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium. Jerome.Lechien@umons.ac.be.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-0845
Miguel Mayo-YanezOtorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
Carlos M Chiesa-EstombaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology- Head & Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain.
Giannicola IannellaOrgani di Senso Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 151, Rome, 00161, Italy.
Giovanni CammarotoHead-Neck, and Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, 47121, Italy.
Andrea De VitoHead-Neck, and Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, 47121, Italy.
Alberto M SaibeneOtolaryngology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20121, Italy.
Luigi A VairaMaxillofacial Surgery Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy.
Antonino ManiaciFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, Enna, 94100, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the association between laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) and Empty Nose Syndrome (ENS).

methodsNasal and laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms were investigated in patients with ENS. Symptoms were evaluated with reflux symptom score-12 (RSS-12), nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE), empty nose syndrome 6-item questionnaire (ENS6Q), empty nose syndrome index (ENSI), and sinonasal outcome tool-22 (SNOT-22). The anxiety and depression were assessed with the general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). A study of association was conducted between demographics and patient-reported outcome questionnaires.

resultsForty-one ENS patients were included (20 females (48.8%)). The control groups included 27 patients with rhinitis/rhinosinusitis and 36 asymptomatic individuals. The ENSI and ENS6Q detected ENS in 97.6% and 90.2% of cases, respectively. The mean scores of ENSI, ENS6Q, RSS-12, NOSE, and SNOT-22 were significantly higher in the ENS group compared to controls. The prevalence of suspected LPRD was 90.2% in the ENS group, which was significantly higher compared to controls. The prevalence of mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression in ENS patients was 7.3% (n = 3), 4.9% (n = 2), 39.0% (n = 16), and 46.3% (n = 19), respectively. RSS-12 reported significant and high associations with the ENS6Q (r

conclusionLPRD symptoms and prevalence were significantly higher in ENS patients compared to controls. Future controlled studies are needed to investigate the prevalence of LPRD in ENS patients through objective approaches (impedance-pH monitoring, nasal digestive enzyme measurements).

Indexed as

Laryngopharyngeal RefluxNasal ObstructionNose DiseasesAdultAgedAnxietyCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRhinitisSyndromeEmpty nose syndromeGastroesophagealHead neckLaryngopharyngealNasopharyngealNoseOtolaryngologyOtorhinolaryngologyRefluxRhinologySurgery

Identifiers

PMID39394329

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.