Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39392924›Full record

ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2024

The Effects of APOE Alleles, Cognitive Activities, and Social Activities on Cognitive Decline in African Americans.

Neke A Nsor, Kyle J Bourassa, Lisa L Barnes, Casey K Brown

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Prosocial helping behaviors attenuate accelerated cognitive decline driven by APOE ε4.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  2. Leisure Activities are Associated with Physical and Mental Health.Current research in behavioral sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Evaluating the association of apolipoprotein E genotype and cognitive resilience in SuperAgers.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Neke A NsorDepartment of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Kyle J BourassaVA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Lisa L BarnesDepartment of Neurological Sciences, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0072-9817
Casey K BrownDepartment of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.

Funding

Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in African-AmericansR01AG022018 · NIA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BARNES, LISA L · 2004 to 2025
$18.2M
Predoctoral Training in Intergrative NeuroscienceT32NS041231 · NINDS · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI Ludise Malkova, Ashley S VanMeter · 2001 to 2026
$6.8M
Training in Neural Injury &PlasticityT32NS041218 · NINDS · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI MARK P BURNS, Kathleen Anne Maguire-Zeiss · 2001 to 2026
$3.5M
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in Neurodegenerative Disease: Pathways to Caregiver HealthR00AG073617 · NIA · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI BROWN, CASEY LEIGH · 2022 to 2025
$1.2M
National Institute on Aging Diversity Supplement R00AG073617NIA NIH HHS R00 AG073617NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022018NIA NIH HHS R01AG022018NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS041218NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS041231
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesOlder African Americans are among the fastest-growing populations, yet are underrepresented in studies examining risk factors related to decline. The present study examines whether biological factors (apolipoprotein [APOE] alleles) interact with behavioral factors including cognitive activities (e.g., reading, playing games) and social activities (e.g., participating in social groups) to predict cognitive decline in African Americans.

methodsIn total, 734 African American adults from the Minority Aging Research Study, aged 65 and older (with no known dementia at the time of enrollment), underwent annual cognitive testing for up to 10 years. At baseline, APOE status was determined and participants reported their frequency of participation in social and cognitive activities. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the effects of APOE, cognitive activities, and social activities on cognitive decline, and their interaction effects over a 10-year period.

resultsThe number of APOE alleles had an effect on cognitive decline, such that a greater number of APOE4 alleles was associated with greater cognitive decline, whereas a greater number of APOE2 alleles was associated with less cognitive decline. Cognitive and social activities did not interact with APOE count to predict cognitive decline; however, APOE4 and social activities had additive, independent effects on cognitive decline. DISCUSSION: Results replicate prior findings linking APOE4 to cognitive decline and highlight the importance of APOE2 and social activities in delaying cognitive decline in African Americans.

Indexed as

Apolipoproteins EBlack or African AmericanCognitive DysfunctionAgedAged, 80 and overAllelesApolipoprotein E2Apolipoprotein E4CognitionFemaleHumansMaleRisk FactorsApolipoprotein E2Apolipoprotein E4Apolipoproteins EAlzheimer’s diseaseBlack AmericansCognitive impairmentDementia

Identifiers

PMID39392924
PMCPMC11632228

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.