Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39390816›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition2024

Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial.

Yi-Jie Shiu, Che-Hsiu Chen, Wu-Shiun Tao, Hui-Fang Nai, Chen-Yi Yu, Chih-Hui Chiu

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yi-Jie ShiuNational Taiwan Normal University, Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
Che-Hsiu ChenNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Sport Performance, Taichung, Taiwan.
Wu-Shiun TaoNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Ball Sport, Taichung, Taiwan.
Hui-Fang NaiNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Sport Performance, Taichung, Taiwan.
Chen-Yi YuNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Sport Performance, Taichung, Taiwan.
Chih-Hui ChiuNational Taiwan University of Sport, Graduate Program in Department of Exercise Health Science, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-0739-874X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study investigated the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on fatigue index and 400-meter performance in trained sprinters.

methodsNineteen participants (age: 20.9 ± 1.0 years; height: 175.6 ± 4.9 cm; mass: 66.5 ± 5.6 kg; training age: 7.9 ± 1.0 years) were randomly assigned to either a caffeine trial (CAF) or a placebo trial (PL) using a double-blind, randomized crossover design. The participants in the CAF trial chewed a gum containing 3 mg/kg of caffeine for a period of 10 minutes, while those in the PL trial chewed a gum containing a placebo with no caffeine. Following a 15-minute period of rest, the fatigue index was tested by six maximal 35-meter sprints with a 10-second rest between efforts. After this, at least 30 minutes of rest was permitted, during which time the participants engaged in brief warm-up activities prior to the commencement of the 400-meter sprint test. Saliva samples were collected before chewing gum, before the fatigue test and before 400-meters sprinting.

resultsThe fatigue index was significantly lower in the CAF trial compared to the PL trial (CAF: 8.1 ± 2.5%; PL: 9.6 ± 4.8%;

conclusionThe present study demonstrated that caffeine gum supplementation prior to exercise significantly reduced the fatigue index and increased the capacity to maintain speed, particularly in the final 300 to 400 meters, as well as enhancing 400-meter sprint performance.

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceCaffeineChewing GumCross-Over StudiesFatigueSalivaDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleRunningSports Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaYoung AdultCaffeineChewing Gumathletesergogenic aidsnutritionα-amylase

Identifiers

PMID39390816
PMCPMC11486005

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.