Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39390567›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2024

Mandibular second molar impaction: introducing a novel and validated 3D classification system.

Selene Barone, Lucia Cevidanes, Tecla Bocchino, Ambra Michelotti, Massimo Borelli, Amerigo Giudice

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Selene BaroneDepartment of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Viale Europa - 88100, Italy. selene.barone@unicz.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-2675
Lucia CevidanesDepartment of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9786-2253
Tecla BocchinoDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, Section of Orthodontics and Temporomandibular Disorders, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80100, Naples, Italy.
Ambra MichelottiDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, Section of Orthodontics and Temporomandibular Disorders, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80100, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2969-2069
Massimo BorelliDepartment of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Viale Europa - 88100, Italy.
Amerigo GiudiceDepartment of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Viale Europa - 88100, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5091-6979

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMandibular second molar (M2M) impaction is a clinically significant manifestation of eruption disturbance in dental development. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the three-dimensional (3D) characterization on clinical and therapeutic decisions for M2M impaction. The secondary aim was to introduce a validated 3D classification system incorporating both surgical and orthodontic parameters.

methodsBidimensional (2D) and 3D radiological records of 15 impacted M2M were collected and deidentified. Ten experienced clinicians (5 oral surgeons;5 orthodontists) categorized each case, first based on 2D records and then with 3D scans. The degree of orthodontic and surgical difficulty in treating impacted M2M was evaluated using a novel classification system based on anatomical and radiological features. The primary outcome variable was the assessment of differences in diagnosis and decision-making protocol using 2D or 3D records, where clinical relevance ranged from 0 to 4. The secondary outcome variable was the validation analysis of the proposed 3D classification system to determine the concordance among the clinicians. Descriptive statistics and multivariable inferential analysis based on Akaike information criterion (AIC) were performed (α = 0.05).

results3D examination allowed a better visualization of M2M impaction with higher clinical relevance for diagnosis of M2M root relationship to alveolar nerve and lingual plate, height to alveolar crest, depth, and inclination relative to the first molar and position relative to the third molar (range:2.69-3.43). The proposed 3D classification of M2M impaction changed clinical decisions regarding surgical-orthodontic approach, biomechanics, patient education, and treatment time estimate (range:2.59-3.33). In the validation analysis of the classification, no evidence of inter- or intra-group (surgeon/orthodontist) bias in score attribution occurred: the model with the minimum AIC was the null model (AIC = 718.04).

conclusion3D evaluation of impacted M2Ms could enhance diagnostic accuracy, and a classification system was proposed and validated by a group of experienced surgeons and orthodontists with high concordance.

Indexed as

Imaging, Three-DimensionalMandibleMolarTooth, ImpactedAdolescentChildFemaleHumansMaleRadiography, Panoramic3D classification systemDegree of difficultyMandibular molar eruption disturbanceMandibular second molar impactionSurgical-orthodontic assessmentThree-dimensional assessment

Identifiers

PMID39390567
PMCPMC11468259

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.