Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39390123›Full record

ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2025

Association of tear osmolarity and corneal nerves structure in dry eye disease: an in vivo study.

Moumi Maity, Manindra Bikram Allay, Mohammed Hasnat Ali, Rashmi Deshmukh, Sayan Basu, Swati Singh

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In one paragraph

Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Moumi MaityCenter for Ocular Regeneration (CORE), LV Prasad Eye Institute, Road No.2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
Manindra Bikram AllayCenter for Ocular Regeneration (CORE), LV Prasad Eye Institute, Road No.2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
Mohammed Hasnat AliCenter for Ocular Regeneration (CORE), LV Prasad Eye Institute, Road No.2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
Rashmi DeshmukhCenter for Ocular Regeneration (CORE), LV Prasad Eye Institute, Road No.2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
Sayan BasuCenter for Ocular Regeneration (CORE), LV Prasad Eye Institute, Road No.2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
Swati SinghCenter for Ocular Regeneration (CORE), LV Prasad Eye Institute, Road No.2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India. swatisingh@lvpei.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-9438

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate the structural changes in corneal sub-basal nerves of dry eye disease (DED) patients with tear hyperosmolarity versus normosmolar tears.

methodsA prospective evaluation of the tear film (keratograph 5 M), tear osmolarity, and sub-basal corneal nerves (laser scanning in-vivo confocal microscopy) was performed in a cohort of 53 DED patients (106 eyes) diagnosed as per DEWS II criteria. Patients with tear hyperosmolarity (Group 1, n = 48 eyes) were compared with DED patients without tear hyperosmolarity (Group 2, n = 58 eyes).

resultsOf 53 patients (27 females), 28 had Sjogren's syndrome, and the rest had meibomian gland dysfunction. There were more SS patients (21 vs 7) and females in Group 1. The two groups were similar in age, TMH, NIBUT, meibomian gland loss, bulbar redness, and corneal staining, except for Schirmer I (p < 0.001), and tear osmolarity (p < 0.001; worse in group 1). The groups did not differ in dendritic cell density, whether immature (53.8 vs. 38) or mature (2.7 vs. 0). The significantly different corneal nerve parameters were nerve fiber length (p = 0.005), density (p = 0.01), and branching density (p = 0.04), with lower values observed in group 1. Only tear osmolarity had a weak negative correlation with corneal nerve fiber length (r, -0.38), density (r, -0.32), and branching (r, -0.28). SS patients with hyperosmolar tears had reduced nerve fiber length and branching compared to SS patients with normosmolar tears.

conclusionTear hyperosmolarity is associated with reduced nerve branching, fiber density, and fiber length despite similar levels of conjunctival congestion, tear film stability, and meibomian gland loss in DED patients. KEY MESSAGES: What is known • Corneal nerves are reduced in density and length in dry eye disease patients. • Laboratory studies have shown fragmentation of corneal nerves on exposure to hyperosmolar solutions. What is new • Tear hyperosmolarity is associated with reduced nerve branching, fiber density, and fiber length in dry eyes compared to normosmolar tears. • The effect is independent of dendritic cell density.

Indexed as

CorneaDry Eye SyndromesNerve FibersOphthalmic NerveTearsAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMicroscopy, ConfocalMiddle AgedOsmolar ConcentrationProspective StudiesCorneal nervesDry eye diseaseSjogren’s syndromeTear osmolarity

Identifiers

PMID39390123

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.