Trial reportAmerican journal of public health2025
Effect of the Communities That HEAL Intervention on Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution: A Cluster-Randomized, Wait-List Controlled Trial.
Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in American journal of public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effectiveness of the communities that HEAL intervention on reducing non-fatal opioid overdoses: A prespecified secondary analysis of a waitlist cluster control randomized controlled trial.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Trial
- Organizational perspectives on the impacts of scaling up overdose education and naloxone distribution in Kentucky.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Trial
- The association between naloxone distribution, buprenorphine treatment and retention and incident high-risk opioid prescribing with opioid overdose death in Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York and Ohio, United States: An exploratory community-level cohort study of data from the HEALing Communities Study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Observational
- The role of external and internal context on adoption and implementation of evidence-based practices: a serial case study qualitative analysis of top performers in the HEALing Communities Study.Implementation science communications · 2026Article
- Applying the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to understand college health administrator perceptions on adopting and implementing opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs among universities nationally.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of a brief personally tailored opioid-overdose and medication for opioid use disorder education intervention on naloxone acceptance in peripartum individuals: A secondary exploratory analysis.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Overdose education and naloxone distribution in jails: Examining the impact of the Communities That HEAL intervention in 4 states.Health & justice · 2025Article
- Usability of Mixed Reality for Naloxone Training: Iterative Development and Field Testing of ReviveXR.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Implementation and Assessment of Machine Learning Models for Forecasting Suspected Opioid Overdoses in Emergency Medical Services Data.AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium · 2024Article
- Implementing a "Naloxone Hub With Many Spokes" Model in Kentucky: Partner Agency Perspectives on Implementation Strategies.Implementation research and practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
41 authors.
Patricia R FreemanPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-4749-6563
Alexander Y WalleyPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
T John WinhusenPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Emmanuel A OgaPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-0744-5681
Jennifer VillaniPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0003-2337-2504
Timothy HuntPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Redonna K ChandlerPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Douglas R OylerPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-6153-831X
Brittni ReillyPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-4980-8938
Kitty GelbergPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-3734-3280
Christian DouglasPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Michael S LyonsPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-4774-1899
JaNae HollowayPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0009-0009-1609-8237
Nathan A VandergriftPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0001-9994-5466
Joella W AdamsPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Katherine AsmanPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Trevor J BakerPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Candace J BrancatoPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Debbie M ChengPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Janet E ChilderhosePatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0003-0985-1306
James L DavidPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0009-0009-6738-8031
Daniel J FeasterPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Louisa GilbertPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
LaShawn M GlasgowPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0003-3336-7039
Dawn A Goddard-EckrichPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-3456-2322
Charles KnottPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-3340-1850
Hannah K KnudsenPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-0137-9337
Michelle R LofwallPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Katherine R MarksPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0001-5936-7497
Jason T McMullanPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Carrie B OserPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0001-8658-9335
Monica F RobertsPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Abigail B ShobenPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0001-9347-4755
Michael D SteinPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-2466-5192
Scott T WaltersPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Josie WatsonPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0009-0004-3910-0612
Gary A ZarkinPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Rebecca D JacksonPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Jeffrey H SametPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Sharon L WalshPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.ORCID 0000-0002-9722-5681
Nabila El BasselPatricia R. Freeman and Douglas R. Oyler are with the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Lexington. Alexander Y. Walley, Trevor J. Baker, and Jeffrey H. Samet are with the Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA. T. John Winhusen is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Cincinnati, OH. Emmanuel A. Oga, Christian Douglas, JaNae Holloway, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Joella W. Adams, Katherine Asman, LaShawn M. Glasgow, Charles Knott, and Gary A. Zarkin are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Jennifer Villani and Redonna K. Chandler are with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Timothy Hunt, Kitty Gelberg, James L. David, Louisa Gilbert, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich, and Nabila El Bassel are with the Columbia University School of Social Work, Social Intervention Group, New York, NY. Brittni Reilly is with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston. Michael S. Lyons is with Ohio State University Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus. Candace J. Brancato is with the University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Lexington. Debbie M. Cheng is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA. Janet E. Childerhose is and Rebecca D. Jackson was with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus. Daniel J. Feaster is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL. Hannah K. Knudsen, Michelle R. Lofwall, Katherine R. Marks, and Sharon L. Walsh are with the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Science, Lexington. Jason T. McMullan is with the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Carrie B. Oser is with the University of Kentucky, Department of Sociology, Lexington. Monica Roberts and Josie Watson are with the University of Kentucky Substance Use Priority Research Area, Lexington. Abigail B. Shoben is with the Ohio State University College of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Columbus. Michael D. Stein is with the Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston, MA. Scott T. Walters is with the University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth.
Funding
MassHEAL - Reducing overdose deaths by 40% (2019-2023)UM1DA049412 · NIDA · BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER · PI SAMET, JEFFREY H. · 2019 to 2023
$82.9MKentucky CAN HEAL (Communities and Networks Helping End Addiction Long-term)UM1DA049406 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI WALSH, SHARON L. · 2019 to 2022
$81.7MCHASE: An Innovative County-Level Public Health Response to the Opioid Epidemic in New York StateUM1DA049415 · NIDA · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI EL-BASSEL, NABILA, GILBERT, LOUISA · 2019 to 2023
$77.3MOptimizing HEALing in Ohio Communities (OHiO)-Health Equity SupplementUM1DA049417 · NIDA · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI FREISTHLER, BRIDGET J, WINHUSEN, T JOHN · 2019 to 2023
$66.3MHEALing Communities Study Health Equity ResearchUM1DA049394 · NIDA · RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE · PI GLASGOW, LASHAWN, KNOTT, CHARLES · 2019 to 2023
$40.6MNIDA NIH HHS UM1 DA049394NIDA NIH HHS UM1 DA049406NIDA NIH HHS UM1 DA049412NIDA NIH HHS UM1 DA049415NIDA NIH HHS UM1 DA049417
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
NaloxoneNarcotic AntagonistsAdultDrug OverdoseFemaleHealth EducationHumansKentuckyMaleMassachusettsMiddle AgedNew YorkOhioOpiate OverdoseOpioid-Related DisordersWaiting ListsNaloxoneNarcotic Antagonists
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.