ArticlePloS one2024
Risk of systemic lupus erythematosus flare after COVID-19 hospitalization: A matched cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Autoimmune diseases in the era of COVID-19: emerging mechanisms, clinical implications, vaccine considerations, and future directions.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Emerging and underrecognized viral triggers of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease flares.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Long-Term Safety of Anti-COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus-like Diseases with a Previous History of Myocarditis.Microorganisms · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo analyze the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flare after admission for COVID-19.
methodsWe performed a matched cohort study using the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Clinical Data Warehouse which collects structured medical, biological and administrative information from 11 million patients in Paris area, France. Each SLE patient hospitalized with a COVID-19 diagnosis code between March 2020 and December 2021 was matched to one SLE control patient with an exact matching procedure using age ±3 years, gender, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, and serological activity. The main outcome was a lupus flare during the 6 months follow-up. A flare was considered if a) documented by the treating physician in the patient's EHR and b) justifying a change in SLE treatment. The electronic health records (EHRs) were individually checked for data accuracy.
resultsAmong 4,533 SLE patients retrieved from the database, 81 (2.8%) have been admitted for COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 31, 2021, and 79 (n = 79/81,97.5%) were matched to a unique unexposed SLE. During follow-up, a flare occurred in 14 (17.7%) patients from the COVID-19 group as compared to 5 (6.3%) in the unexposed control group, including 4 lupus nephritis in the exposed group and 1 in the control group. After adjusting for HCQ use at index date and history of lupus nephritis, the risk of flare was higher in exposed SLE patients (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of 3.79 [1.49-9.65]).
conclusionsCOVID-19 hospitalization is associated with an increased risk of flare in SLE.
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