Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39388143›Full record

SynthesisClinical microbiology reviews2024

How long do bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses retain their replication capacity on inanimate surfaces? A systematic review examining environmental resilience versus healthcare-associated infection risk by "fomite-borne risk assessment".

Axel Kramer, Franziska Lexow, Anna Bludau, Antonia Milena Köster, Martin Misailovski, Ulrike Seifert, Maren Eggers, William Rutala, Stephanie J Dancer, Simone Scheithauer

Erratum issuedAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Assessing the persistence ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. EmergentMicroorganisms · 2026
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Healthcare-associated infections.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Axel Kramer *Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4193-2149
Franziska Lexow *Department for Infectious Diseases, Unit 14: Hospital Hygiene, Infection Prevention and Control, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3463-2842
Anna BludauDepartment of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Antonia Milena KösterDepartment of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Martin MisailovskiDepartment of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Ulrike SeifertFriedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology - Virology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Maren EggersLabor Prof. Dr. G. Enders MVZ GbR, Stuttgart, Germany.
William RutalaDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Stephanie J Dancer *Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Hairmyres, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Simone Scheithauer *Department of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0773-4739

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

SUMMARYIn healthcare settings, contaminated surfaces play an important role in the transmission of nosocomial pathogens potentially resulting in healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Pathogens can be transmitted directly from frequent hand-touch surfaces close to patients or indirectly by staff and visitors. HAI risk depends on exposure, extent of contamination, infectious dose (ID), virulence, hygiene practices, and patient vulnerability. This review attempts to close a gap in previous reviews on persistence/tenacity by only including articles (

Indexed as

BacteriaCross InfectionFomitesFungiEukaryotaHumansRisk AssessmentVirusesbacteriafomite-borne risk pathogensfomitesfungiHAIinanimate surfacespersistenceprotozoareplication capacityresiliencetenacitytransmissionviabilityviruses

Identifiers

PMID39388143
PMCPMC11640306

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.