ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2025
Gaps in Awareness of the United States Minimum Legal Age of E-Cigarette and Cigarette Sales: Implications for Public Health Messaging.
Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Governing E-cigarettes in China: regulatory challenges and strategies for adolescent protection in the post-flavor ban era.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of signage in preventing adolescents and young adults from accessing e-cigarettes in retail stores: a discrete-choice experiment.Tobacco control · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeIn 2019, the United States raised the minimum legal age (MLA) of sales for all tobacco products from 18 to 21. Public awareness of the federal MLA of tobacco sales overall and by demographics is understudied.
methodsA national, cross-sectional 2023 survey in which 6,098 participants aged 13-40 years responded to the question, "at which age is it legal to purchase [e-cigarettes; cigarettes; alcohol] in the United States?" Participants also reported age, sex, race/ethnicity, and prior use of each substance.
resultsSixty-one percent, 64.6%, and 88.7% correctly identified the MLA of sales for e-cigarettes, cigarettes, and alcohol, respectively. Differences in awareness of the MLA were found by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and prior use status. DISCUSSION: Gaps in awareness of the MLA of tobacco sales, particularly among adolescents and adults, suggest messaging regarding the federal Tobacco 21 law is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.