ArticleEClinicalMedicine2024
Burden of disease attributable to high body mass index: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT07457515 (Analysis of the Transmission of Overweight/Obesity in the Mother-breastmilk-child Triad in Relation to Maternal Cardiometabolic Status and Diet), which is not on this map. Cited by 141 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Analysis of the Transmission of Overweight/Obesity in the Mother-breastmilk-child Triad in Relation to Maternal Cardiometabolic Status and Diet
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Obesity Management Education for Healthcare Professionals: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical obesity · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Fat-Free Mass in Weight-Related Complications: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Metabolic Bariatric Surgery versus GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Obesity Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Study-level age patterns in cardiometabolic response to high-intensity interval training among adults with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of exercise modalities added to energy restriction on inflammatory markers in obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Influence of Klotho Protein Levels in Obesity and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- A multifaceted lifestyle program for weight loss in overweight adults: evidence from a randomised clinical trial.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Tirzepatide and health-related quality of life in adults with obesity or overweight: Results from the SURMOUNT-3 phase 3 randomized trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Clinical value of the new obesity definition for cardiovascular events in a Middle Eastern population: the TLGS.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Exploring the impact of adult obesity in Spain: Insights from a systematic literature review.Obesity pillars · 2026Review
- Article
- From abdominal adiposity to liver fibrosis: Expanding promise of semaglutide for Asian Indians.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Leisure-Time Physical Activity on Age-Modelled Trajectories of Body Mass Index and Obesity Risk Throughout Life: Multivariable Regression and Mendelian Randomization Analyses Using Electronic Health Record Data From the CORDELIA-Catalunya Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Nutrition transitions, obesity and T2DM in the Middle East and North Africa.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Global and Chinese burden of three major non-communicable diseases attributable to high BMI: trends from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Childhood BMI trajectories and hypertension in adulthood: a population-based cohort study.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Lactococcus Lactis Subsp. Lactis CAB701 Reduces Body fat mass in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Obesity and Women's health across the lifespan: A clinical review of life Stage-Specific challenges and treatment considerations.Obesity pillars · 2026Review
- Global Trends in the Burden of Ischemic Stroke Attributable to Diabetes Versus Atrial Fibrillation.Stroke · 2026Article
- Pandemic-era changes in obesity-associated disabling arthritis burden among United States adults: a repeated cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
51 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Obesity represents a major global health challenge with important clinical implications. Despite its recognized importance, the global disease burden attributable to high body mass index (BMI) remains less well understood. Methods: We systematically analyzed global deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high BMI using the methodology and analytical approaches of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. High BMI was defined as a BMI over 25 kg/m Findings: From 1990 to 2021, the global deaths and DALYs attributable to high BMI increased more than 2.5-fold for females and males. However, the age-standardized death rates remained stable for females and increased by 15.0% for males. Similarly, the age-standardized DALY rates increased by 21.7% for females and 31.2% for males. In 2021, the six leading causes of high BMI-attributable DALYs were diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, hypertensive heart disease, chronic kidney disease, low back pain and stroke. From 1990 to 2021, low-middle SDI countries exhibited the highest annual percentage changes in age-standardized DALY rates, whereas high SDI countries showed the lowest. Interpretation: The worldwide health burden attributable to high BMI has grown significantly between 1990 and 2021. The increasing global rates of high BMI and the associated disease burden highlight the urgent need for regular surveillance and monitoring of BMI. Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Key R&D Program of China.
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