ReviewCureus2024
Effect of Hyperinsulinemia on Leptin and Ghrelin Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis.
Review in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Leptin, adiponectin levels and their ratios in women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Restoring leptin sensitivity in metabolic and extra-metabolic leptin resistance: Pharmacologic strategies, systemic implications, and future directions.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Leptin and ghrelin are important markers in PCOS due to their correlation with obesity, insulin resistance, and fertility. There is currently a debate in the literature about whether altered leptin and ghrelin levels in women with PCOS are a result of the disease itself or if they are due to factors such as the hyperinsulinemic state characteristic of PCOS. This meta-analysis aims to assess if insulin levels impact leptin and ghrelin levels in PCOS. Eight case-control studies assessing the relationship between insulin and leptin, as well as five case-control studies assessing the relationship between insulin and ghrelin, were identified in PubMed. Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC) and the sample size were extracted, and two meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. Total heterogeneity (I2) with a confidence interval of 95% was then determined. "Leave-one out" diagnostics were calculated for each case. If a study was identified as being significantly influential, the study was removed from the data set, and the trim and fill procedure was applied. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression test and rank correlation test. Our results showed a moderate positive relationship (r=0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.42, 0.71), with substantial heterogeneity I
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.