Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39385637›Full record

ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2025

Spontaneous Formation of π-Conjugated Polymeric Colloidal Molecules Through Stepwise Coacervation and Symmetric Compartmentalization.

Osamu Oki, Shun-Ichiro Noguchi, Sota Nakayama, Hiroshi Yamagishi, Junpei Kuwabara, Takaki Kanbara, Yohei Yamamoto

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. "Optochemistry", when chemistry meets optics.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Osamu OkiDepartment of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
Shun-Ichiro NoguchiDepartment of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
Sota NakayamaDepartment of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
Hiroshi YamagishiDepartment of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
Junpei KuwabaraDepartment of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
Takaki KanbaraDepartment of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
Yohei YamamotoDepartment of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-3730

Funding

Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology JPMJCR20T4Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22H05131Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP24H00470Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP24H01693JSPS overseas research fellowship
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coacervation, the phase separation of liquid induced by polymeric solutes, sometimes results in the formation of oligomeric clusters of droplets. The morphology of the clusters is non-uniform because the clustering is a consequence of the random collisions of the drifting droplets. Here we report distinctively organized coacervation, yielding colloidal molecules with monodisperse size, morphological symmetry, and compositional heterogeneity. We investigate the coacervation of a mixture of two types of synthetic polymers and find that one of the polymers coacervates first and serves as a core droplet, on which the other polymer coacervates subsequently to form satellite droplets. The satellite droplets arrange themselves symmetrically around the core and solidify without losing the morphology. The number of satellites and their symmetry are modulable depending on the chemical affinity and the diameter of the droplets. This finding highlights the capability of coacervation as a non-templated and non-covalent pathway to form aspherical colloidal materials with structural and functional complexity.

Indexed as

coacervationcolloidal moleculesliquid‐liquid phase separationmesophaseself‐assembly

Identifiers

PMID39385637
PMCPMC11798348

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.