Destructive fungal disease survey of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) in Southern Ethiopia.

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is important legume crop world-wide and in Ethiopia for its multipurpose uses. Common bean rust, is the most destructive fungal disease that severely reduces bean yield. For years, rust appeared in a farmer's field in Southern Ethiopia; however, the disease's significance remains unclear. The research aimed to ascertain the distribution and intensity of common bean rust, as well as elucidate the association of biophysical parameters. The field survey was conducted in southern Ethiopia in 2022. Ninety percent of the 78 commonbean fields were affected by common bean rust. Mareko, Meskan, Duguna Fango, Damot Woide, and Demba Gofa had 100% of the fields affected, and Boricha had 90%. Damot Woide and Lanfuro had the highest and lowest mean rust incidence rates, respectively, 59.2% and 22.5%. Duguna Fango had the highest rust severity (35.5%), while Lanfuro had the lowest (13.5%). In the research areas, the biophysical factors, either alone or in combination, have a significant impact on the intensity of common bean rust. The current investigation verified the distributionand the association biophysical factors with common bean rust. In addition, the survey of the disease and the identification of factors should continue over time and space.