Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39384691›Full record

Trial reportJournal of general internal medicine2025

Combining Default Choices and an Encounter Decision Aid to Improve Tobacco Cessation in Primary Care Patients: A Pragmatic, Cluster-Randomized Trial.

Kevin Selby, Inès Habfast-Robertson, Marie-Anne Durand, Christina Hempel-Bruder, Anne Boesch, Joachim Marti, Yasser Kazaal, Mohamed Faouzi, Hubert Maisonneuve, Ivan Berlin

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter StudyPragmatic Clinical TrialRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04868474 (Combining Default Choices and a Decision Aid to Improve Tobacco Cessation at 6 Months in Primary Care Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04868474 nacompletednot on this map

Combining Default Choices and a Decision Aid to Improve Tobacco Cessation at 6 Months in Primary Care Patients: a Pragmatic, Cluster-randomized Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorCenter for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), University of Lausanne, SwitzerlandRan2021 to 2024Enrolled287ConditionsSmoking CessationArmsTraining program and decision aid, Refresher course
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Kevin SelbyDepartment of Ambulatory Care, University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Rue de Bugnon 44, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland. kevin.selby@unisante.ch.ORCID 0000-0002-9096-0720
Inès Habfast-RobertsonDepartment of Ambulatory Care, University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Rue de Bugnon 44, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Marie-Anne DurandDepartment of Ambulatory Care, University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Rue de Bugnon 44, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Christina Hempel-BruderDepartment of Ambulatory Care, University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Rue de Bugnon 44, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Anne BoeschDepartment of Ambulatory Care, University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Rue de Bugnon 44, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Joachim MartiDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Systems, University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Yasser KazaalDepartment of Addiction Medicine, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Mohamed FaouziDivision of Biostatistics, University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Hubert MaisonneuveFaculty of Medicine, University Institute for Primary Care, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Ivan BerlinDépartement de pharmacologie médicale, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

Funding

Tobacco Control Fund 240.0005-22/5/5437326
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrimary care providers (PCPs) prescribe less often treatments for smoking cessation than for other major risk factors. We assessed the effect of training PCPs to offer smoking cessation treatments to current smokers as the default choice using an encounter decision aid (DA) on smoking cessation.

methodsPragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial with PCPs in private practice in Switzerland and France. The intervention was a half-day course teaching PCPs the default choice approach using a DA. Control PCPs received a 1-h refresher training on smoking cessation aids. PCPs recruited daily smokers seen for routine care. The primary outcome was self-reported, 7-day, point prevalence smoking abstinence at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were quit attempts and use of smoking cessation aids at 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months, and a patient-reported measure of shared decision-making (CollaboRATE scale 1-10, higher scores = more involvement).

resultsForty-two PCPs completed the training (76% Swiss) and recruited 287 current smokers (105 intervention group, 182 control group), with 51% women, mean age 48 (SD, 2.6), 77% who smoked <20 cigarettes/day, and 221 who responded at 6 months follow-up (77%). The intervention did not affect self-reported smoking abstinence rate at 6 months (9.5% intervention and 10.4% control groups, respectively; OR 0.88 (95%CI 0.37-2.10). It did however increase the number of quit attempts at 3 weeks (OR 2.09, 95%CI 1.04-4.20) and the use of smoking cessation aids at the 3-week and 3-month follow-ups (OR 2.57, 95%CI 1.21-5.45 and OR 2.00, 95%CI 1.11-3.60, respectively). The mean CollaboRATE score was 8.05/10 in the intervention group and 7.28/10 in the control group (p=0.02), reflecting more patient involvement in decision-making.

conclusionTraining PCPs to use a decision aid did not improve smoking abstinence rate, despite short-term increases in quit attempts and use of smoking cessation aids. It improved patient involvement in decision-making.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04868474.

Indexed as

Choice BehaviorDecision Support TechniquesSmoking CessationTobacco Use CessationAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrimary Health CareSwitzerlanddecision aiddefault choiceprimary caresmoking cessation

Identifiers

PMID39384691
PMCPMC12508413

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.