Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39384379›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of veterinary medical science2024

Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of the brains of rabid dogs in the Philippines.

Boonkanit Markbordee, Alpha Grace B Cabic, Nuttipa Iamohbhars, Nozomi Shiwa-Sudo, Kazunori Kimitsuki, Mark Joseph M Espino, Leilanie B Nacion, Daria Llenarresas Manalo, Satoshi Inoue, Chun-Ho Park

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. First isolation of rabies virus from a Eurasian badger (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Boonkanit MarkbordeeDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan.
Alpha Grace B CabicResearch Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Health, Muntinlupa City, Philippines.
Nuttipa IamohbharsDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan.
Nozomi Shiwa-SudoDepartment of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazunori KimitsukiDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
Mark Joseph M EspinoResearch Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Health, Muntinlupa City, Philippines.
Leilanie B NacionResearch Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Health, Muntinlupa City, Philippines.
Daria Llenarresas ManaloResearch Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Health, Muntinlupa City, Philippines.
Satoshi InoueDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan.
Chun-Ho ParkDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dogs are the primary transmitters of the rabies virus in the Philippines; however, to the best of our knowledge, no published studies have examined its detailed neuropathology. The present study analyzed the neuropathology in the cerebrum, hippocampus, thalamus, and brainstem of 70 rabid dogs with confirmed rabies infection in the Philippines. Histopathologically, inclusion bodies (Negri bodies) were detected in the hippocampus (87.14%), cerebrum (70%), and thalamus (2.86%) of the dogs. The inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of the hippocampal and cerebral cortical pyramidal cells were large and round to oval in shape. Whereas the inclusion bodies in the neurons of the thalamus and brainstem were small, fine, and granular. In contrast to the high prevalence of inclusion bodies in the hippocampus and cerebrum, perivascular cuffing and glial nodules were more prominent in the thalamus and brainstem. Immunohistochemically using the anti-phosphoprotein (anti-P), the sensitivity of viral antigen detection was 100% in the hippocampus, thalamus, and brainstem and 97.14% in the cerebrum. Our findings confirmed that observing the inclusion bodies in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex by histopathology could facilitate rabies diagnosis in the dogs in the Philippines, and furthermore, using immunohistochemistry on the brainstem could also be useful to detect rabies virus antigens with high sensitivity.

Indexed as

BrainDog DiseasesImmunohistochemistryRabiesAnimalsAntigens, ViralDogsFemaleHippocampusInclusion Bodies, ViralMalePhilippinesRabies virusAntigens, ViralbrainhistopathologyimmunohistochemistryPhilippinesrabid dog

Identifiers

PMID39384379
PMCPMC11612245

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.