ReviewCell reports. Medicine2024
The penetration of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier: Classic case studies and clinical implications.
Review in Cell reports. Medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed.
- Role of the WNT signalling pathway in physiological and pathological blood-brain barrier.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Repurposing radiopharmaceutical carriers for targeted drug delivery and theranostics: A translational framework.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2026Review
- The neuroimmune-glutamate hypothesis of addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Reprogramming PD-L1 endosomal recycling and lysosomal degradation via engineered exosome-based nanocomposites overcomes immune resistance in lung cancer brain metastasis.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Disrupted TFEB/GDNF-cAMP/ATP Coupling Underlies Astrocytic Dysfunction and Depression in LRRK2 G2019S Parkinson's Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Piano-Stool Ru (II) Complexes as Modulators of Human Prion Protein PrPChemMedChem · 2026Article
- Design of bifunctional pyridinophane ligands as MnInorganic chemistry frontiers · 2026Article
- Systems Biology and Structure-Based In Silico Evaluations of Quercetin-Psychobiotic Interactions for the Management of Depression.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Parkinson's Disease: Pathophysiology, Treatment Strategies, Wellness Approaches, and Obstacles/Paths Forward.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- Targeting the Complement-Microglia Axis for Neuroprotection in Pediatric Epilepsy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Article
- Thermodynamic Frontiers in Hemoglobin-Inspired Polymer Science for Diagnosis and Modulation of Neurodegenerative Diseases.Cell biochemistry and function · 2026Review
- New molecules candidates with a semicarbazide scaffold - anticancer potential in view of research on their physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and preliminary biological activity.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Unraveling the immune microenvironment in primary CNS lymphoma.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Efavirenz-Altered Gut-Microbiota,International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in podophyllotoxin-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish: linking purine metabolism to synaptic dysfunction.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Inflachromene Blocks Neuronal HMGB1 Translocation to Mitigate Hippocampal TLR4-NF-κB-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Depression-Like Behavior After Spinal Cord Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Intravenous galanin (1-16) and a GalR1 agonist attenuate allodynia in rats with spared nerve injury.Pain reports · 2026Article
- Pleiotropic Effects of 3-International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Repurposing Imeglimin for Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays central roles in the maintenance and health of the brain. Its mechanisms to safeguard the brain against xenobiotics and endogenous toxins also make the BBB the primary obstacle to the development of drugs for the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we review classic examples of the intersection of clinical medicine, drug delivery, and the BBB. We highlight the role of lipid solubility (heroin), saturable brain-to-blood (efflux: opiates) and blood-to-brain (influx: nutrients, vitamins, and minerals) transport systems, and adsorptive transcytosis (viruses and incretin receptor agonists). We examine how the disruption of the BBB that occurs in certain diseases (tumors) can also be modulated (osmotic agents and microbubbles) and used to deliver treatments, and the role of extracellular pathways in gaining access to the CNS (albumin and antibodies). In summary, this review provides a historical perspective of the key role of the BBB in delivery of drugs to the brain in health and disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.