ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2024
Modifiable dementia risk factors associated with objective and subjective cognition.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Joint changes in subjective memory and objective cognition and risk of incident functional dependence: A harmonized analysis of four aging cohorts.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Impact of cardiometabolic factors and AD plasma biomarkers on white matter hyperintensities volume in individuals with cognitive complaints from the global south.Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Social disadvantage outweighs knowledge in dementia risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Application of neurodegenerative disease treatment strategies in tinnitus: mechanisms, translation, and prospects.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Urban-rural differences and bidirectional association between social participation and cognitive function among Chinese older adults: a 10-year prospective cohort study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- The relationship between cognitive impairment and acoustic features in major depressive disorder: a longitudinal cohort study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Associations between sex and lifestyle activities with cognitive reserve in mid-life adults with genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Modifiable dementia risk factors associated with objective and subjective cognition.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
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Abstract
introductionEarly detection of both objective and subjective cognitive impairment is important. Subjective complaints in healthy individuals can precede objective deficits. However, the differential associations of objective and subjective cognition with modifiable dementia risk factors are unclear.
methodsWe gathered a large cross-sectional sample (N = 3327, age 18 to 84) via a smartphone app and quantified the associations of 13 risk factors with subjective memory problems and three objective measures of executive function (visual working memory, cognitive flexibility, model-based planning).
resultsDepression, socioeconomic status, hearing handicap, loneliness, education, smoking, tinnitus, little exercise, small social network, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension were all associated with impairments in at least one cognitive measure. Subjective memory had the strongest link to most factors; these associations persisted after controlling for depression. Age mostly did not moderate these associations. DISCUSSION: Subjective cognition was more sensitive to self-report risk factors than objective cognition. Smartphones could facilitate detecting the earliest cognitive impairments. HIGHLIGHTS: Smartphone assessments of cognition were sensitive to dementia risk factors. Subjective cognition had stronger links to most factors than did objective cognition. These associations were not fully explained by depression. These associations were largely consistent across the lifespan.
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